Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
1159 AM EDT Sat Jun 09 2018
Valid 12Z Tue Jun 12 2018 - 12Z Sat Jun 16 2018
...Pattern Overview...
Latest guidance continues to show higher latitude blocking, the
details of which will affect forecast details across the northern
half of the contiguous U.S. The most common theme seen in the
models/ensembles is that some energy from a southern Canada closed
low and flow to its south and east will progress rapidly eastward
under an upper high that closes off just northwest of Hudson Bay
while remaining energy may retrograde back into western Canada.
This evolution should lead to eastern Canada/U.S. troughing by the
latter half of the period. Meanwhile a strong consensus has an
upper trough moving into the West by Thu, anchored by an upper low
most likely to track over Vancouver Island. By the latter half of
the forecast there is still significant spread regarding details
of flow within the overall trough. Interestingly the end result
by next Fri-Sat could be another high amplitude
trough-ridge-trough configuration albeit with meaningful detail
differences from the same overall pattern taking shape this
weekend. Farther south, an upper ridge should persist over the
southern Rockies/Plains but with some spread and day to day
variability for position.
...Model Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
The overall forecast philosophy remains intact, following a blend
of primarily operational guidance (06Z GFS/00Z ECMWF and less 00Z
UKMET/CMC) early with a day 5 Thu transition toward a late period
blend consisting of 40 percent 00Z ECMWF mean and the rest equal
parts 00Z ECMWF, 06Z GEFS mean, and WPC continuity.
Today there is somewhat greater clustering toward the idea of a
more even splitting of initial southern Canada closed low energy
and surrounding flow, with latest ensemble means reflecting some
operational guidance that has some of the energy retrograding back
into western Canada. What energy progresses eastward should
support a surface system that brushes New England around midweek
and trailing front that reaches as far south as the central
latitudes of the eastern U.S. before stalling. There is decent
continuity in principle toward the combination of ejecting energy
and eastern Canada flow yielding an eastern North America trough
by the latter half of the period, though with a slightly faster
trend in the means at most valid times.
Into day 5 Thu guidance has gravitated toward a common solution
fairly well regarding the upper trough heading into the West.
After that time models/ensembles diverge fairly rapidly. Once
again the ensemble means provide a good intermediate solution
between operational model extremes--the progressive ECMWF/CMC and
slower/deeper GFS that closes off a low over or northeast of
California. As was the case yesterday, teleconnections relative
to the upstream ridge's positive height anomaly center recommend
more modest West Coast troughing than forecast by the GFS (but
perhaps with an axis not far from the GFS), while offering
potential that the northern tier states could see somewhat broader
troughing aloft than seen in the means. This seems to argue for
holding onto a small ECMWF component in the forecast. It remains
to be seen whether there will be faster trends over a multi-day
time frame as was seen with the preceding system.
The area extending from the western Caribbean into the Gulf of
Mexico continues to exhibit fairly high forecast uncertainty.
Once again the 06Z GFS has hedged slower/westward with its
tropical development versus the 00Z run while the GEFS and NAVGEM
are about the only other solutions to show GFS-like potential. If
any type of weak feature were to exist, the combination of low
level steering and most common guidance location of any upper
level weakness would more likely tend to direct it into the
western Gulf.
Late in the period a system likely to develop in tropical eastern
Pacific (to the east of Aletta) may reach close to southern Baja
California. This system will bear watching especially with
respect to the potential flow of moisture ahead of the western
U.S. trough.
...Weather Highlights/Hazards...
A favored axis for highest rainfall totals for the 5-day period
should extend from the northern Plains through the Midwest and
into the central Appalachians, as a frontal boundary heading into
the East stalls from the Mid Atlantic into the Plains while the
western part of the front eventually lifts up as a warm front
ahead of Rockies/Plains low pressure. The Southeast will see
periods of showers/thunderstorms as well with some locally heavy
amounts possible. The strong upper trough moving into the West
will bring scattered light to locally moderate precipitation to
some areas. By late next week/weekend the potential flow of
moisture from the tropical East Pacific will have to be monitored,
as it may begin to enhance rainfall over portions of the Four
Corners states.
The most prominent temperature anomalies will be associated with
warm to hot readings expected to spread/progress from California
and the Great Basin/Southwest into the Plains over the course of
the period. Expect decent coverage of min and/or max readings of
10-15F above normal within this area. The upper troughing moving
into the West will bring a cooling trend first to the Northwest
and then to a higher percentage of the West by Fri-Sat.
Rausch
WPC medium range forecasts of 500 mb heights, surface systems,
weather grids, quantitative precipitation, and winter weather
outlook probabilities can be found at:
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4