Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
649 PM EST Sun Dec 18 2022
Valid 12Z Thu Dec 22 2022 - 12Z Mon Dec 26 2022
...Anomalous cold should ease across the Panhandle late week but
continue across the eastern Interior through the weekend...
...Overview...
An upper-level high well to the northwest of the mainland late
this week is forecast to weaken and shift a bit south into Siberia
by early next week, as energies undercut this high and track
across the mainland with a possible focus of an upper low in the
Bering Sea later in the period. At the surface, strong high
pressure in the northern mainland and east of the state as the
period begins Thursday should shift away with the pressure
gradient weakening somewhat, as the general low track sets up
over/near the Aleutians, northern Pacific, and Gulf of Alaska.
While the details of these surface lows remain nebulous, the
overall idea from the pattern and model guidance is that
precipitation is likely across the Alaska Peninsula/Kodiak Island
Thursday-Friday and shifting into the Panhandle late this week and
early next week, with heavy snow a possible threat.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment and Preferences...
The overall pattern of a Chukchi Sea closed upper high with the
main flow to the south is generally locked in in the model
guidance, as evidenced by the fairly agreeable ensemble means on
the broad scale. For day 4/Thursday even deterministic models
agree in principle on an upper low atop the western Aleutians
while vorticity is strung out west-east across the mainland. Then
for Friday-Saturday additional energy dives west-southwest from
north of the Yukon/Northwest Territories. The GFS/ECMWF are
similar for this while the UKMET appeared to be an outlier with
its energy farther east of other guidance, while the CMC is slower
tracking the energy west, as both keep the ridge extending from
the Chukchi Sea high stronger. Ensemble guidance shows
considerable spread with that upper high/upper low interface so
this remains uncertain. By next Sunday-Monday, ensemble means show
a developed upper low centered over the southeastern Bering near
the southwestern mainland and Alaska Peninsula. The upper low
placements in each deterministic model differ notably and indicate
there may be multiple upper low centers. As one can imagine this
also causes considerable variation in the placement of surface
lows from model to model and run to run. The WPC forecast utilized
a mainly deterministic model blend for day 4 but with a gradual
ramp-up of the ensemble mean guidance as the period progresses to
70 percent by day 8, given the increasing spread and thus
decreasing confidence in the details.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Very cold air funneling into the state in response to strong (but
weakening by Thursday) surface high pressure over the northern
mainland and in far northwestern Canada and deep northerly flow
from the Arctic will cause continued colder than average
temperatures especially for the southern two-thirds of the eastern
mainland into the Panhandle through Thursday. Low temperatures are
expected to fall into the -40 to -50 F range in the colder spots
of the eastern/southeastern Interior and below zero on Thursday
for the interior side of the Panhandle. By late next week the
Panhandle should trend closer to normal in terms of temperatures
but the eastern mainland will likely stay quite cold through the
weekend, while over the southwestern mainland/Alaska Peninsula the
potentially forming upper low should lead to a colder trend for
the weekend.
Moderate to perhaps heavy precipitation is forecast for the Alaska
Peninsula/Kodiak Island areas around Thursday as a shortwave helps
to focus moisture there, and gusty winds could be a threat as
well. Then the Panhandle is also likely to see moist return flow
for more widespread precipitation beginning late week and lasting
through early next week (when Southcentral Alaska can also expect
increasing precipitation). With the cold air in place to start the
period and sufficient cold possibly lasting, much of this could
fall as snow over land areas, for potentially heavy snow. But
confidence is low given the uncertainties in the timing and
placement details given the surface lows diverging in model
guidance.
Tate
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html