Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
653 PM EST Thu Dec 29 2022
Valid 12Z Mon Jan 02 2023 - 12Z Fri Jan 06 2023
...Heavy precipitation/high wind threat with major New Year's
weekend storm likely to linger into early next week for parts of
the Upper Aleutians, Alaska Peninsula/Kodiak Island, and coastal
Southcentral and Southeast Alaska...
...Overview and Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Guidance shows better than average agreement for the mean pattern
during next Monday-Friday, with steady weakening of the initially
strong deep-layer low over/near the Alaska Peninsula followed by
an upper low emerging into the northwestern Pacific/Aleutians from
the Sea of Okhotsk. Meanwhile upper ridging should generally
extend north-northwest from western Canada. Within this agreeable
overall pattern, there are embedded uncertainties over specifics
of the general area of low pressure tracking into the Aleutians
and vicinity Tuesday onward (perhaps multiple individual lows),
the exact shape of the western Canada upper ridge whose influence
could extend into parts of the mainland at times, and a
northwestward-tracking Pacific system that may reach near or east
of Kodiak Island by around next Wednesday. Differences for the
initial Alaska Peninsula system are somewhat smaller in scale.
At the moment the 12Z ECMWF/GFS/CMC provide the best cluster for
depicting the midweek system that may track near Kodiak Island.
There has been a decent signal for this feature in at least the
past couple guidance runs, but a fair amount of spread for
track/timing. Predictability appears moderate to low several days
out given a combined dependence on how shortwave energy around the
south/southeast side of initial troughing (anchored by the Alaska
Peninsula low) develops and interaction with the lingering trough
itself. 00Z/12Z ECMWF and CMC runs have been moderately stable
while GFS runs have been inconsistent (00Z/12Z runs closest to the
majority into Wednesday versus the slow 06Z run and fast 18Z run,
though the 12Z GFS strays farther northwest than other runs by day
7 Thursday). The 12Z UKMET strays to the northeast side of the
spread. Among the ensemble means, the past couple ECens runs
closest to in principle to the favored operational model cluster
(albeit slower/weaker) while the GEFS/CMCens are less defined.
Over the Aleutians and vicinity, guidance agrees fairly well for
the frontal system reaching the western Aleutians on Tuesday but
then rapidly diverges for specifics of individual waves/fronts.
From about midweek onward, individual ensemble members from the
00Z/12Z cycles depict just a broad area of potential low pressure
waves from the North Pacific into the southern half of the Bering
Sea with no meaningful clustering. Thus it is not surprising the
operational models become quite diverse and inconsistent for
specifics as well. In spite of this spread, the ensemble means
have been more stable in depicting the general larger-scale area
of low pressure--providing strong support for increasing ensemble
mean weight in the forecast later in the period.
Confidence is likewise low for exact details within/near the mean
ridge anchored over and north/northwest of western Canada, with
varying ideas for potential individual surrounding/embedded
shortwaves. This recommends a blended/mean approach.
A half 12Z ECMWF and half total 12Z GFS/CMC blend during Monday
into early Wednesday provided the preferred scenario for the
system tracking toward/east of Kodiak Island by Wednesday while it
represented consensus for the initial low over/near the Alaska
Peninsula and frontal system moving into the Aleutians. This
blend quickly incorporated increasing weight of the 12Z GEFS/00Z
ECMWF means to account for the increasing detail uncertainties
after early Wednesday, with the means reaching 60 percent total
weight by day 8 Friday. This yielded a forecast closest to the
12Z ECMWF/CMC for the feature possibly tracking between Kodiak
Island and the Kenai Peninsula by late Wednesday/early Thursday,
while capturing a combination of model/mean specifics over the
Aleutians and vicinity.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Initially strong but steadily weakening low pressure near the
Alaska Peninsula as of early Monday should extend some areas of
locally heavy precipitation of varying types along the southern
coast and Panhandle into Monday, with some gusty winds also
persisting both to the west and east of the low center. Then a
system tracking northwest toward or a little east of Kodiak Island
around midweek (but with some uncertainty over exact timing/track)
may bring another period of enhanced precipitation and winds,
though this system looks to be more compact than its predecessor
so the Panhandle should see a drier trend. Some moisture could
linger along parts of the southern coast into late week. The rest
of the mainland will likely experience mostly dry conditions next
week. The Aleutians should initially see light precipitation on
the back side of the Alaska Peninsula low. Then one or more
waves/fronts reaching the Aleutians from the west should lead to
additional areas of precipitation and varying winds, with low
confidence for specifics mid-late week aside from the general
pattern favoring unsettled conditions. Expect much of the state
to see above normal temperatures next week, though perhaps with a
gradual moderating trend as southerly mean flow aloft becomes a
little weaker. Highs could be a little below normal near the
western coast and Aleutians, under and west of the initial upper
trough/low.
Rausch
Hazards:
- Heavy precipitation across portions of the Alaska Panhandle and
mainland Alaska, Sun-Mon, Jan 1-Jan 2.
- Heavy precipitation across portions of mainland Alaska, Sun-Tue,
Jan 1-Jan 3.
- Freezing rain across portions of mainland Alaska, Sun-Mon, Jan
1-Jan 2.
- High winds across portions of the Alaska Panhandle and mainland
Alaska, Sun, Jan 1.
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html