Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
656 PM EST Sat Dec 31 2022
Valid 12Z Wed Jan 04 2023 - 12Z Sun Jan 08 2023
...Overview and Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Most aspects of the large scale evolution in the Wednesday-Sunday
period continue to be fairly agreeable and consistent, while
individual models/ensemble members exhibit various embedded
uncertainties. Consensus maintains the idea of a western Canada
mean ridge extending northwestward into the mainland to some
degree while a mean upper low wobbles across the northwestern
Pacific/Aleutians, most likely progressing east-southeast of the
Aleutians by next Sunday. The flow between these two primary
features will likely contain multiple shortwaves that could reach
into/cross the mainland, with one or more surface systems tracking
north-northwest over the northeastern Pacific, while the Aleutians
mean low aloft should produce multiple surface systems over/near
that region. To a greater degree than yesterday, guidance is
suggesting an upper weakness could develop near the northern coast
of the mainland, between the Canada/Alaska ridge and a separate
ridge closer to the North Pole.
There is still a decent amount of spread and run-to-run
variability for individual waves tracking over the northeastern
Pacific. The first feature of note has had some degree of loose
persistence in the guidance, reaching near the Gulf of Alaska by
the start of the forecast early Wednesday, but with a fair amount
of spread/inconsistency for specifics. The 12Z ECMWF/CMC/UKMET
have all gravitated toward this system reaching near Kodiak Island
as of 12Z Wednesday while the 12Z GFS is on the slow side. The
old 00Z ECMWF was deeper/eastward and the 06Z GFS was fairly close
to the 00Z ECMWF. Preference was for a blend of the past two
ECMWF runs, 06Z GFS, and 12Z UKMET/CMC as a starting point. This
brought the low a little west of continuity toward Kodiak Island,
which the new 12Z ECMWF mean happens to support. Immediately
behind this system, the 12Z ECMWF/UKMET/CMC have extraneous waves
near/offshore of the Panhandle with minimal ensemble mean support.
A blended solution helps to downplay those questionable waves.
Into late week there has been a continued signal for a
well-defined storm to track northward toward or just west of Haida
Gwaii and then weaken as it continues into or west of the
Panhandle. The means start to become diffuse with this system by
early Friday, corresponding to when the operational models show
increasing divergence. Preferred an intermediate and still
slightly offshore depiction of this system, with the new 12Z ECMWF
mean essentially favoring a compromise between the past two ECMWF
runs into early Friday before the mean completely loses definition.
Over and north of the mainland, a general blend provides a good
way to introduce the potential upper weakness near the northern
coast. The 12Z ECMWF/CMC show the lowest heights within this
weakness while the ensemble means hint at the feature but in much
more subtle form. The ensemble means maintain some degree of mean
ridging aloft over most of the mainland through day 8 Sunday while
a lot of smaller-scale shortwave uncertainties arise in the
operational runs. The old 00Z ECMWF had one of the lower
confidence solutions in closing off an upper low. At least the
new run has trended more open and progressive with that shortwave
energy.
From the start of the period onward, operational models still show
a seemingly random assortment of individual surface lows/frontal
systems across the Aleutians and surrounding waters in association
with the large scale mean low. At least the ensemble means have
been stable and agreeable with the overall area of low pressure.
The old 00Z ECMWF/CMC suggested there would be some question marks
over whether the mean low could persist over the Aleutians into
day 8 Sunday versus shifting more east-southeast over the Pacific
as the GFS and ensemble means have been showing. However the 12Z
ECMWF/CMC runs have adjusted toward the majority scenario, for the
time being improving confidence for that aspect of the forecast.
Based on considerations at the start of the period, day 4
Wednesday started with a blend of the past two ECMWF runs, 06Z
GFS, and 12Z UKMET/CMC. With the rapid dissipation of this
system, the blend then transitioned toward the 12Z GFS versus the
06Z run over the next couple days. Then over the latter half of
the period the forecast increased 12Z GEFS/00Z ECMWF mean input to
reach 40-50 percent while eventually phasing out the 00Z ECMWF
late due to its undesirable mainland forecast (leaving the 12Z
ECMWF/GFS/CMC).
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Expect the overall pattern to promote periods of precipitation
along the southern coast and Panhandle through the period.
Depending on specifics of individual systems, such as a leading
one near Kodiak Island early Wednesday and a trailing one that may
have some influence on the southern Panhandle late in the week,
there could be some pockets of locally enhanced activity at times.
On the other hand there may also be some drier areas between
systems. Most of the remainder of the mainland will likely
experience dry conditions during except for perhaps very
light/scattered snow with any passing upper shortwaves. The
Aleutians will see an unsettled pattern Wednesday into the weekend
as multiple waves/frontal systems bringing varied wind and
precipitation (mostly rain) focus. Confidence in exact specifics
over and near the Aleutians remains quite low though. Best
consensus suggests that low pressure emphasis may shift farther to
the east-southeast by next Sunday. This could increase easterly
low level flow over the eastern Aleutians/Alaska Peninsula at that
time. Much of the state should see above normal temperatures
through the end of the week, especially for lows. With readings
trending gradually cooler with time late week into the weekend,
some areas of slightly below normal highs may develop over parts
of the southern half of the mainland. The shape/depth of the
possible upper weakness near the northern coast of the mainland
will play some role for temperature trends over the North Slope.
Meanwhile the Aleutians should start out below normal and then
trend a little warmer.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html