Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
648 PM EST Tue Nov 28 2023
Valid 12Z Sat Dec 02 2023 - 12Z Wed Dec 06 2023
...Overview...
Over the course of the weekend through the middle of next week,
most guidance suggests that a mean upper low over the Bering Sea
along with surrounding flow (with a possible contribution from
retrograding Arctic energy too) will transition to an upper trough
aligned over the western mainland and extending south into the
Pacific. Detail predictability at the surface and aloft still
looks rather low during the weekend from the Aleutians/North
Pacific into the northeastern Pacific, given the initially strong
jet over the mid-latitude Pacific. Subsequent interaction of
Bering Sea/Pacific dynamics and resulting potentially strong storm
tracking north into the Gulf of Alaska during Monday-Wednesday
also has typical detail uncertainty but the pattern evolution
indicates greater confidence in the general idea of low pressure
gravitating toward the Gulf in some fashion. Expect a wet/snowy
regime over the Panhandle and back through portions of the
southern coast while most locations farther north over the
mainland should be fairly dry. Temperatures will start out
above/much above normal and then should trend gradually colder as
upper troughing moves in.
...Guidance Evaluation and Preferences...
Models and individual ensemble members do not cluster as well from
south of the Aleutians eastward/northeastward during the weekend,
as solutions display no coherent theme for how individual systems
may spin up just north of the strong Pacific jet. By early
Sunday, the past couple ECMWF runs have tracked their strongest
wave south of the Panhandle with 06Z/12Z GFS runs somewhat in that
neighborhood--though with those GFS runs technically deeper with a
separate wave south of the western Alaska Peninsula. This
trailing GFS wave could be considered a slower version of the
latest ensemble means that generally show a primary low track just
south of Kodiak Island and would recommend some inclusion of the
12Z UKMET/CMC in weaker form. Some reflection of the UKMET/CMC
and the means would yield just a slightly slower version of
yesterday's continuity.
Behind this area of uncertain surface details, the past day of
guidance has started to show a more pronounced clustering toward
strong Pacific low development by early next week as initial
Bering Sea and Pacific dynamics interact. This low would then
track northward into the Gulf of Alaska as the mean trough axis
aloft settles over the western mainland. Latest GFS/ECMWF/CMC
runs suggest the storm could get as deep as the 950s mb for a
time, though with a fair amount of spread for exactly how far
south of the mainland the storm achieves its greatest strength
before trending weaker. There is also typical timing and
east-west spread and run-to-run variability, with a
multi-model/run blend and some ensemble mean input providing a
reasonable starting point to reflect recent trends. Persistence
of guidance in upcoming runs would allow for a deeper depiction
closer to the models in upcoming forecasts.
Elsewhere, 12Z guidance overall has trended farther north with
upper level energy that may retrograde from northern Canada. This
is generally a nod to the ensemble means, versus some individual
solutions that had previously brought lowest heights into the
North Slope region. Meanwhile there are decent signals in the
models toward the idea of one or two waves/frontal systems
affecting parts of the Bering Sea/Aleutians from Monday onward,
but with typical spread and run-to-run variability for details. A
blended approach reflects the potential existence of such features
in fairly conservative fashion.
Based on the available guidance through the 12Z cycle (before
arrival of the 12Z ECMWF mean), the first half of the period
started with an even blend of the 12Z GFS/ECMWF/UKMET/CMC and
ensemble means (12Z GEFS/00Z ECens). Then the forecast increased
ensemble weight to 40 percent while keeping some GFS/ECMWF/CMC
influence. The GFS contribution was split between 12Z/06Z runs
starting on day 6 Monday and the ECMWF split between 12Z/00Z runs
starting on day 7 Tuesday, to account for track variance of the
strong system tracking toward the Gulf.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
The primary precipitation focus during the period will be along
the southern coast and Panhandle, with most of the interior seeing
only spotty light snow if any precipitation at all. Uncertainty
with surface low details from south of the Aleutians into the
northeastern Pacific/Gulf of Alaska during the weekend keeps
confidence lower than desired for precipitation coverage and
amounts along the coast/Panhandle. Potentially deep storm
tracking northward toward/into the Gulf of Alaska during the first
half of the week may spread an area of enhanced precipitation over
the Panhandle and back to the west along the southern coast, with
westward extent depending on the exact low track and depth. There
will also be the potential for strong winds at least over the open
waters. Given the fairly recent development of this evolution in
the guidance and best precipitable water values tending to stay
southeast of the state, today's 3-7 Day Hazard chart does not
depict any defined areas associated with this system. However the
storm's potential effects will be monitored closely in coming
days. Farther west, the Aleutians will see unsettled conditions
during much of the period with mostly light rainfall and winds
varying with system progression.
Temperatures will start out above to well above normal across the
state during the weekend, with the greatest anomalies likely over
the North Slope. Expect a gradual colder trend next week as upper
troughing becomes established over the western mainland.
Southwestern and some interior areas may see below normal highs by
next Tuesday-Wednesday while other locations should still see
above normal readings. Lows will tend to stay more above normal
through the middle of next week.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html