Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
658 PM EST Mon Dec 04 2023
Valid 12Z Fri Dec 08 2023 - 12Z Tue Dec 12 2023
...Overview...
The main feature of note late this week will be an upper low
meandering over the southwestern Mainland, leading to below normal
temperatures centered in the Lower Kuskokwim region and gradually
expanding. Some weak surface low reflection will promote light to
moderate precipitation and northwesterly flow across the Alaska
Peninsula, while rounds of heavier precipitation are likely
farther east for Southcentral and Southeast Alaska as surface lows
periodically enhance totals.
...Guidance Evaluation and Preferences...
Model and ensemble agreement with the 12Z cycle was reasonably
good with the upper low tracking southeastward late week and
hovering over the state. Shortwave energy rounding the
southeastern side of this low should support a surface low with
which model guidance is now clustering better, showing an eastern
position near the Panhandle on Saturday/Day 5. However, the 12Z
GFS seemed like an outlier in terms of how strong and north the
low was, as other guidance and the 06Z GFS run were weaker. There
is still some spread in the low's depth shown by the ensemble
members though, so this will continue to be monitored. The track
of the surface low and whether it could maintain itself going into
Southeast Alaska is somewhat questionable too. In coordination
with the Alaska regional and local offices, it seems most likely
(and common climatologically) that the low would weaken and drift
into the Gulf rather than barrel into the Panhandle maintaining
its strength.
Then some additional energy and upper troughing will come
across/extending south of the Aleutians over the weekend, upstream
of the upper low. Meanwhile the upper low/trough looks to become
somewhat southwest to northeast oriented over the weekend. There
is still some uncertainty with when and how the upstream energy
will combine with the preexisting Mainland upper low. The trend in
recent guidance has been to keep a southern stream upper low
separate for a little longer through Sunday before eventually
combining to create a north-south oriented trough across the
Mainland into the northern Pacific sometime Monday, but with
plenty of uncertainty in the details. Surface lows are likely in
the northern Pacific and Gulf under this pattern, but again are
questionable in depth and placement. The 12Z GFS and ECMWF
actually happened to agree quite well in a surface low position
near Kodiak Island on Monday (which could also cause heavy
precipitation), but would like to see some persistence in the
model runs before believing that this agreement could last, given
that ensemble members still show ample spread.
A blend of deterministic guidance, mostly the 12Z runs but
including the 06Z run of the GFS, was used for the WPC forecast
early in the medium range period. The forecast trended toward
using more ensemble means as the forecast progressed and spread
increased, reaching half of the blend by Days 7-8.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Surface low and frontal systems in the northern Pacific and mean
southerly to southwesterly flow will produce rounds of
precipitation across Southcentral and Southeast Alaska late week
into early next week. Enhanced amounts are possible across
Southeast particularly on Saturday with a surface low in the
vicinity. Then another low moving northeast across the northern
Pacific and Gulf could spread possibly heavy precipitation into
Southcentral and perhaps into the Panhandle early next week, but
the details are likely to change in future forecasts. After some
snow showers are possible farther north into the Interior late
this week, available moisture may become more widespread across
the Alaska Range and even farther north early next week for some
possible accumulating snow. Meanwhile farther west, northwesterly
to northerly flow will be common on the backside of the low across
the Aleutians to Alaska Peninsula, with some rain/snow that should
be generally on the lighter side.
A colder trend is likely as the medium range period progresses,
especially across the Alaska Peninsula into much of the Mainland
where the core of the cold upper low sets up. Below average
temperatures by 10-20F for highs will expand from the Lower
Kuskokwim region and Alaska Peninsula late week farther into the
Interior (in moderated form) early next week. High temperatures
look to be within a few degrees of average in the eastern third of
the Mainland and the Panhandle. The North Slope may maintain above
average temperatures through the period, but cooler than the short
range period with smaller above normal anomalies.
Tate
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html