Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
650 PM EST Fri Dec 15 2023
Valid 12Z Tue Dec 19 2023 - 12Z Sat Dec 23 2023
...Windy conditions across the Aleutians...
...Snowy/wet pattern over the southeastern coast/Panhandle
mid-late week...
...Overview...
Guidance maintains reasonable agreement and continuity for the
large scale pattern evolution during the period but disagrees with
some important embedded details. Expect an initial upper
low/trough to continue lifting away from the northern mainland
while incoming Bering Sea/Aleutians dynamics and nearby impulses
form another mean trough aligned near the western coast of the
mainland into the start of next weekend. Multiple surface lows
(some possibly generating locally enhanced winds) will likely
track from the southern Bering Sea into the Gulf of Alaska,
spreading precipitation near their path and supporting a more
persistent stretch of precipitation along the southeastern
coast/Panhandle. Farther west, models and ensembles continue to
advertise the threat of a North Pacific/Aleutians system late next
week. There is poor agreement on the details, especially near the
Aleutians on Friday, while there is a better consensus toward some
precipitation/wind effects along the southern coast by Saturday.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
The Tuesday-Thursday part of the forecast primarily focuses on the
small-scale (thus having low predictability) surface lows forecast
to track between the southern Bering Sea and vicinity through the
Gulf of Alaska. Recent runs have been suggesting a leading wave
tracking from near the southwestern Alaska Peninsula into the Gulf
during Tuesday-Wednesday in association with a progressive
shortwave aloft. However latest runs have significantly diverged
in strength and track, with the ECMWF quite strong, the 12Z GFS
weak and south, and the 12Z CMC becoming fast/south. Latest
ECens/CMCens runs favor a weaker version of the latest ECMWF runs
while the UKMET falls in line by day 5 Wednesday and the 06Z GFS
was closer to these than the 12Z run. Details become even more
ambiguous for one or more trailing waves within the overall
favored area of low pressure. A consensus blend yields a
developing wave reaching the Gulf about 24 hours after the first
one, closely followed by another wave reaching somewhere near the
southwestern mainland. Then Gulf low pressure should weaken into
Friday. The favored blend yielded decent continuity for surface
details in light of the ongoing detail uncertainty.
For the potential Friday-Saturday North Pacific/Aleutians storm,
another day of guidance runs has not improved confidence in
specifics. This system may take a while to resolve, as dynamic
support comes from an upper low/trough expected to spin up on the
northern periphery of the mid-latitude Pacific jet rather than the
bodily movement/evolution of a large scale feature. The models
and even to a lesser degree the ensemble means are particularly
divergent around Friday. At that time the latest ECMWF runs and
CMCens mean (and 12Z ECens mean trending close as well) develop a
leading wave while the GEFS mean is well westward. The 06Z/12Z
GFS and 12Z CMC were closest to the middle of the spread (where
the 00Z ECens mean was). Aside from the farther south ECMWF,
there is at least better latitude agreement for track--generally
between the Aleutians and 50N. Minus the fast ECMWF, there seems
to be some consolidation by Saturday as a majority cluster reaches
just south of the Alaska Peninsula, while operational runs show
potential for a very deep storm with a central pressure that could
reach under 960 mb. Preference sides with an average of the
ensemble means and closest operational solutions, namely the 12Z
CMC and 12Z/06Z GFS.
Guidance/continuity preferences for the above components of the
forecast led to a blend consisting of the 12Z ECMWF, 06Z/12Z GFS,
and 12Z UKMET for days 4-5 Tuesday-Wednesday followed by returning
some 12Z CMC to the mix by day 6 Thursday and adding 30 percent
total ensemble means (12Z GEFS/CMCens, 00Z ECens) by days 7-8
Friday-Saturday. The blend maintained 12Z/06Z GFS and 12Z ECMWF
input through the end of the period, with the latter included due
to being a valid blending component for the western coast mean
trough but with a low enough weight not to have an undesired
effect on the North Pacific forecast. This approach ended up
close to the means for the west coast mean trough aloft, while
awaiting better agreement for what could be a better defined
embedded low.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Multiple potential low pressure waves/frontal systems from the
Bering Sea and Aleutians into the Gulf of Alaska should produce
one or more periods of strong winds during the early-mid week time
frame, especially over the Aleutians, while waves reaching the
Gulf should spread some precipitation over the far southwest
mainland and lead to a more persistent snowy/wet pattern over the
southeastern coast/Panhandle mid-late week. Forecasts are
consistent in showing totals for snow and coastal/southern
Panhandle rain that should not reach hazardous criteria, but could
still be significant given the potential for multi-day
accumulations. Some light/scattered snow will be possible over
portions of the central and northern mainland. The potential
remains for North Pacific/Aleutians low pressure to have enhanced
wind and/or precipitation influence on the Aleutians and into the
Alaska Peninsula/southern coast by next Friday-Saturday. There is
still considerable uncertainty over the exact track and timing of
this system which could be fairly strong, so continue to monitor
forecasts as the sensible weather effects get better resolved in
the coming days.
Most of the state should see above normal temperatures during the
period. Best potential for some pockets of below normal readings
will be for highs on some days over parts of the interior and
Panhandle, as well as over far western areas especially toward the
end of the week as upper troughing becomes established nearby.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html