Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
654 PM EST Wed Feb 07 2024
Valid 12Z Sun Feb 11 2024 - 12Z Thu Feb 15 2024
...Overview...
Guidance continues to show a steadily building upper ridge over
the far northeastern Pacific/Alaska Panhandle/western Canada into
Mainland Alaska over the course of next week, though with
continued uncertainty for the shape of the ridge by around the
middle of next week. Coinciding with the initial strengthening of
the ridge, a number of operational models suggest that North
Pacific/Aleutians upper dynamics should support a strong
northward-tracking North Pacific into Bering Sea storm during the
first half of the week. This system and the overall pattern
evolution would shift wind and precipitation focus to an area
centered on the Alaska Peninsula. Over this region low level
winds should turn more easterly by midweek as the upper ridge
suppresses upper troughing and surface low pressure over the
north-central Pacific. Expect well above normal temperatures over
the west and north, while surface high pressure becoming
established over northwestern Canada should support below normal
readings over the Panhandle and parts of the eastern Interior.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
To a somewhat more noticeable degree than yesterday, the
GEFS/ECens means have been showing a gradually stronger trend for
the upper ridge building over northwestern North America. This
provides support for operational model emphasis at least for the
first half of the period. Meanwhile, consecutive
GFS/ECMWF/CMC/ICON model runs have been depicting fairly strong
development of North Pacific/Aleutians low pressure by Monday,
weakening some as it tracks into the northern Bering Sea and
Siberia. With some lingering spread for surface low timing and
track, the favored blend used a split of 00Z/12Z ECMWF runs along
with the 12Z GFS and minority input from the faster 12Z CMC during
days 4-6 Sunday-Tuesday. Minor manual enhancements to the blend
brought the central pressure of the low down a bit to around 970
mb over the Aleutians as of early Monday. This is in the middle
to slightly weaker side of the model spread, though the new 18Z
GFS has trended a little weaker.
In spite of the relative majority clustering for this storm,
confidence in some specifics is still not great. The past couple
UKMET runs have been slower to build the upper ridge and more
diffuse with what low pressure there is over the North Pacific,
leading to a longer period of southern coast/Panhandle
precipitation focus. Ensemble means show surface development
reaching the Aleutians on Monday, supporting the operational runs
in principle, but continue their reluctance to track the system as
far northward over the Bering Sea as indicated by the operational
GFS/ECMWF cluster. Also contributing to lower than desired
confidence, latest runs of the ECMWF-initialized machine learning
models vary considerably for the strength of surface low pressure
and track (most not as deep as the operational models and a couple
taking a farther east track than consensus).
By midweek guidance essentially diverges into two clusters.
Latest GFS/ECMWF/CMC runs now provide a strong signal toward an
upper high closing off over southeastern Alaska/northwestern
Canada (GFS more over the mainland and the ECMWF/CMC farther
east), which had been only a minority scenario 24-36 hours ago.
However the ensemble means and machine learning models still favor
maintaining a more open upper ridge through the period--though the
new 12Z ECens mean (arriving after forecast preparation) is
starting to hint toward an implied closed high over or just north
of the Panhandle. Preference is to transition the early-mid
period operational model blend toward a model/mean compromise,
which ultimately closes off an upper high but in less pronounced
fashion than the models. The upper high position is much closer
to the ECMWF/CMC versus the GFS.
For the most part, either scenario has the dominant area of low
pressure settling over the north-central Pacific by late in the
period. Upper ridge specifics will determine how much
northwestern Canada surface high pressure extends into the
mainland and direction of isobaric gradient from the mainland
through the Bering Sea/Aleutians/North Pacific, with the forecast
blend compromising within this potential range.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Forecast deepening of North Pacific low pressure as it progresses
into the Aleutians around Monday and a continued northward track
thereafter would produce an early-week episode of strong
southeasterly winds and heavy precipitation across portions of the
eastern Aleutians and the Alaska Peninsula. Some of the wind and
precipitation effects may extend farther north over the western
mainland. Confidence in specifics is currently not sufficiently
high to depict in the Days 3-7 Hazards Chart but this system
merits close monitoring. A trailing front may aid persistence of
rain/snow focus through at least Tuesday. Increasing dominance of
mid-latitude Pacific low pressure should turn winds more easterly
over the Alaska Peninsula by midweek, maintaining some
precipitation enhancement but likely with somewhat lighter totals.
Locations from Prince William Sound through the Panhandle may see
mostly light precipitation continue into Sunday but will likely
trend drier as upper ridging builds.
Expect the pattern evolution to favor above normal temperatures
over a majority of the state with the highest anomalies over
western and northern areas. High pressure becoming established
over northwestern Canada should promote colder/below normal
readings over the Panhandle along with some pockets of near to
somewhat below normal readings over the eastern mainland.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html