Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
756 PM EDT Thu Oct 24 2024
Valid 12Z Mon Oct 28 2024 - 12Z Fri Nov 01 2024
...Active pattern with episodes of heavy precipitation and high
winds likely across southern coastal Alaska next week...
...Overview...
The forecast period spanning the next work week will feature at
least a couple vigorous systems that will bring areas of
significant precipitation and strong winds to portions of the
southern coast/Panhandle and nearby areas, with strong winds also
possible back into the Aleutians. A leading Pacific storm will
deepen as it track into the Gulf of Alaska early-mid week,
enhanced by dynamics initially supporting a northern Bering Sea
system that should lose definition after reaching the western
coast. At the same time, expect a deeper storm to reach the
western Aleutians/Bering Sea with some continued eastward
progression into late week. A trailing Pacific storm may come
into the picture by next Friday with uncertain influence on the
Aleutians. The mainland should see a progression of upper
features, with an early Monday ridge followed by a trough and then
some degree of ridging.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
Dynamical models and ensemble means now show good clustering and
continuity for the system over the northern Bering Sea as of early
Monday. The only noticeable difference when comparing the machine
learning (ML) guidance is that the ML model average is slightly
faster than the dynamical cluster, though well within the typical
error range for a days 4-5 forecast.
Regarding the Pacific system tracking into the Gulf by
Tuesday-Wednesday, the 12Z GFS/ECMWF/CMC and corresponding
ensemble means represent the most agreeable cluster into late
Tuesday. The 12Z UKMET was a weak/eastward extreme due to a
somewhat broader upper trough. Other solutions suggest a depth
into the 970s-980s mb by early Tuesday and possibly reaching as
low as the upper 960s mb later in the day (ECMWF runs). ML models
are in the weaker half of that spread. By Wednesday the CMC
strays a little southward, as does the new 18Z GFS, while the 12Z
ECMWF is slower to weaken the low.
Fine-scale/lower-predictability details aloft will influence
surface specifics. ML models develop a fair amount of timing
spread by Wednesday, also tempering confidence in a specific
solution at this time. At least the preferred majority dynamical
model/mean scenario yields fairly good continuity for track/timing
and a slightly deeper trend.
Guidance exhibits fairly typical scatter for track and depth of
the stronger storm forecast to reach the western Aleutians/Bering
Sea by Tuesday-Wednesday. Dynamical models generally depict low
pressure reaching a depth in the 950s-960s mb, with most ML models
in this range as well. After Wednesday expect this system to
drift eastward somewhat, most likely reaching the central/eastern
Bering Sea by Friday per the model/ensemble majority. However ML
models exhibit increasing spread, from reaching the west coast of
the mainland to hanging back over the west-central Bering. While
the 12Z GFS was within the primary guidance cluster for the parent
low, it strayed a little fast with its leading front reaching the
Alaska Peninsula by Thursday. The new 18Z GFS nudged somewhat
slower with this front.
One more uncertainty comes into the picture by next Friday as a
lot of guidance is signaling western Pacific development that
should reach the central Pacific by late week. Most solutions say
that this development will be completely extratropical while a
small minority (including the 12Z CMC) is faster with a tropical
system initially farther south, making that the dominant system.
Either way, signals are mixed as to whether this system will track
far enough north to have a significant influence on the Aleutians.
The 12Z ECMWF/ECens mean lean a bit on the northern side of the
dynamical spread (near 50N latitude) but there are a couple ML
models in their vicinity and the new 18Z GFS has adjusted north of
earlier runs. Thus newest guidance is starting to tilt toward a
little more potential for some influence on the Aleutians versus
what was available at the time of forecast preparation.
During Monday-Thursday a blend of the 12Z ECMWF/GFS/CMC, in order
of more to less weight, represented the best ideas of guidance
during from Monday into early Thursday while leaning away from
less confident details of one solution or another depending on the
feature. Friday introduced some of the means (12Z GEFS/CMCens and
00Z ECens) while replacing the ECMWF with the 00Z version. This
kept central Pacific low pressure farther south of the Aleutians
for the time being, but will monitor for additional
trends/clustering in the 12Z ECMWF-ECens direction in coming
cycles.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
During the early-middle part of the week, one area of
precipitation will continue moving into the mainland from the west
ahead of northern Bering Sea low pressure (likely becoming less
defined by Tuesday) while deepening North Pacific low pressure
reaching the Gulf by Tuesday-Wednesday will spread heavier
precipitation and strengthening winds from over/near the Alaska
Peninsula to the Southcentral coast and Panhandle. Gap winds look
to be a concern behind the surface low over the Alaska Peninsula
plus Kodiak Island and the Kenai Peninsula, while strong southerly
winds east of the low could also be a concern. The Days 3-7
Hazards Outlook depicts areas for high winds along much of the
southern coast/Panhandle as well as heavy precipitation from the
eastern Southcentral coast through the Panhandle. Meanwhile the
deep western Aleutians/Bering Sea storm will bring an area of high
wind potential into the Aleutians by Tuesday-Wednesday along with
heavy rain potential into the eastern Aleutians/Alaska Peninsula
by Wednesday (both depicted in the Hazards Outlook), with the rain
focused by a leading front crossing the region. With some
uncertainty in timing, an evolving Gulf wave originally embedded
within the aforementioned front should push precipitation farther
eastward across the southern coast and into the Panhandle later in
the week. A trailing Pacific storm may increase winds/rain over
the Aleutians by late week if the low track is sufficiently far
north.
Expect coolest anomalies to be over eastern parts of the state on
Monday followed by a warmer trend from west to east, with greater
coverage of above normal readings. This should particularly be
the case for min temperatures, while there may be somewhat more of
mix of above/below normal readings for daytime highs. Portions of
the Panhandle may stay below normal for most of the week.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html