Alaska Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
651 PM EST Tue Dec 17 2024
Valid 12Z Sat Dec 21 2024 - 12Z Wed Dec 25 2024
...Stormy pattern through this weekend into next week with
multiple episodes of southern coast into Panhandle precipitation
and hazardous maritime conditions over the North Pacific/Gulf of
Alaska...
...Overview...
Most guidance agrees on a persistent mean ridge aloft from western
Canada into portions of the mainland through the period, with an
initial storm track from the eastern Pacific into the Alaska
Peninsula/Gulf of Alaska through Monday and then increasing
dominance of a strong North Pacific/Aleutians storm into midweek.
These systems will produce focused precipitation along the
southern coast while the North Pacific and then the Bering Sea
into Aleutians will see periods of strong winds. The forecast
pattern will likely support above normal temperatures over most
areas aside from parts of the North Slope, as well as perhaps some
far western areas toward midweek as Arctic into Bering Sea upper
troughing deepens to the west of the mean ridge.
...Guidance Evaluation and Preferences...
Aside from the typical stray model solution here and there plus
low-predictability smaller scale differences, today's dynamical
and machine learning (ML) models plus the ensemble means displayed
remarkably good agreement for the pattern and individual systems
through the entire days 4-8 period (Saturday-Wednesday). Thus the
favored guidance blend was able to use various weights of
operational solutions to yield systems with better definition than
the means while toning down uncertain specifics of individual
model runs.
The first half of the forecast placed the greatest emphasis on the
12Z ECMWF/UKMET with less input from the 12Z CMC, especially on
Sunday. As of 12Z Saturday, the dominant dynamical/ML guidance
clustering shows fairly strong low pressure a little south of
Kodiak Island and tracking toward the Alaska Peninsula. The 12Z
GFS is an eastern extreme, with the new 18Z run adjusting
favorably back to the 12Z ECens mean track. Into Sunday, most
models/means track the low into the southeastern Bering Sea. This
is a refinement from continuity, and seems to reflect the
occasional tendency for guidance to take a little extra time to
bring defined low pressure westward into the Bering Sea in this
type of pattern. The 18Z GFS continues to look a lot better than
the 12Z run by this time, trending stronger toward the
ECMWF/UKMET. The CMC held the surface low south of the Alaska
Peninsula, thus its minimal weight around Sunday. The next
vigorous system should reach the Gulf of Alaska by Monday. While
the overall position of latest GFS runs looks reasonable, the
model is currently running a little weak versus other dynamical
models, the ECens mean, and the average of recent ML models. This
system should steadily weaken near the southern coast thereafter.
The theme of unusually good guidance agreement in principle
continues after early Monday through next Wednesday when the
overwhelming focus is on a deep North Pacific/Aleutians storm that
may reach close to the Alaska Peninsula by midweek. GEFS/ECens
means have been remarkably stable with the overall depth (mid
950s-mid 960s mb, with the 12Z GEFS deepest at 953 mb on Tuesday)
over the past couple days, with the average of ML models in this
range as well. ML models also support the dynamical model/mean
storm track, reaching 46-50N as of early Tuesday and between 50N
and the Alaska Peninsula by early Wednesday. Some individual
dynamical model runs have brought the central pressure as low as
the 920s-930s mb at some point early-mid week, but a deterministic
forecast minimizing in the upper 940s mb (as denoted by a closed
952 mb isobar early Tuesday) seems reasonable at this time. By
Tuesday-Wednesday the models suggest that potential frontal wave
development will add some uncertainty to the specifics of the
overall system. The late Monday through Wednesday part of the
forecast started with a blend of half 12Z/00Z ECMWF with the rest
distributed among the 06Z/12Z GFS and 12Z CMC.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
From Saturday into Monday, two strong northeastern Pacific systems
will bring enhanced precipitation to the southern coast along with
areas of strong winds to the east of each low's track. Expect the
first low to follow a path across the Alaska Peninsula into the
southeastern Bering Sea Saturday-Sunday, while the trailing one
that reaches the Gulf of Alaska by Monday will push the zone of
strongest winds farther eastward. The flow around each storm will
bring the potential to strengthen barrier jets and gap winds over
some areas. While precipitation along the southern coast and
Panhandle trends lighter as the Monday storm steadily weakens,
focus will turn to the potentially deep North Pacific/Aleutians
storm that may reach near the Alaska Peninsula by midweek. This
system should produce moderate amounts of precipitation across the
Aleutians with somewhat greater enhancement eventually possible
into the southern coast. Expect a broad area of strong winds as
well, including on the north side early in the week followed by
northerly flow in the storm's wake from the Bering Sea into North
Pacific as well as in leading southerly/southeasterly flow heading
into midweek. Currently the Days 3-7 Hazards Outlook depicts no
confident areas of heavy precipitation or high winds reaching
hazardous thresholds, but either parameter may still be hazardous
on a localized scale and will continue to monitor for updates in
coming days.
The pattern will favor above normal temperatures over most areas,
with anomalies for min temperatures tending to be higher than
those for highs. Parts of the North Slope may remain somewhat
below normal during the period, along with a few pockets in the
eastern Interior. Some far western areas may trend a little below
normal by next Tuesday-Wednesday as upper troughing deepens just
west of the mainland.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard Information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at: The WPC Hazards Outline
depicts these threats.
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range Alaskan products including 500mb, surface
fronts/pressures progs and sensible weather grids can also be
found at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/akmedr.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/alaska/ak_5km_gridsbody.html