Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
255 AM EDT Tue Mar 10 2020
Valid 12Z Fri Mar 13 2020 - 12Z Tue Mar 17 2020
...Southwest heavy rain threat to redevelop over the Southern
Plains to lower MS Valley and TN Valley later this week and
weekend...
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
A split flow pattern is expected across the CONUS during the
medium range with a progressive northern stream and less
progressive southern stream. Model consensus through the medium
range is relatively good at large scales, with expected increasing
differences through time at smaller scales. A relatively strong
low pressure system is forecast to cross eastern Canada Fri-Sat,
with the trailing frontal boundary moving off the Eastern
Seaboard, and the trailing front lingering for several days across
the southern U.S. Models consensus on this feature was relatively
good, and the ECMWF/GFS/UKMET all appeared to handle it reasonably
well. Meanwhile, an upper-level low initially over the Southwest
on Fri is forecast to weaken into a broader shortwave as it moves
east into the Southern/Central Plains on Sat and the Mid-Atlantic
on Sun. The shortwave is expected to produce a relatively weak
wave of low pressure that rides along the aforementioned frontal
boundary lingering from the Southern Plains to the Southeast
Sat-Sun. Timing variability has continued to occur among the
guidance for this feature, with the 12Z (Mon) guidance slowing it
down some, and the 00Z GFS speeding up slightly again. Overall, a
blend of the ECMWF and GFS should handle this feature reasonably
well. Farther west, another vigorous shortwave is expected to dive
southeastward from the Gulf of Alaska into the northwestern U.S.
Fri-Sat as it deepens into a closed upper-level low. The general
model/ensemble consensus is that this feature should slowly drift
southward along the West Coast through the weekend and into early
next week. The primary model differences surrounding this system
are between solutions that keep the feature farther west through
Tue (ECMWF/ECENS mean), and solutions that move the feature inland
across the interior West more quickly (GFS/CMC/GEFS mean). At this
time, favored a compromise that leans approximately 2/3 toward the
slower/farther west camp of solutions.
The WPC forecast was initially based on a multi-model blend
including the 12Z ECMWF/UKMET/18Z GFS during days 3-4. Starting on
day 5 (Sun) through day 7 (Tue), weight was increased on ensemble
means (especially the ECENS mean), with some continued use of the
deterministic ECMWF.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Showers and a few thunderstorms will accompany the cold front
across the eastern third of the CONUS Thu/Thu night, with the
potential for some locally heavy rains across portions of the
Tennessee Valley and southern Appalachians, and accumulating snows
possible for northern New England. The upper low crossing the
Southwest will bring potentially heavy rains to portions of that
region Thu into early Fri before the system moves east. As the
upper-level system moves east into the Plains, a weak wave of low
pressure expected to develop along the lingering surface front
will help to focus increasingly widespread showers and
thunderstorms with areas of heavy rain starting on Fri across the
Southern Plains. North of the system, in somewhat colder air, an
areas of winter weather is possible on Fri across portions of the
central High Plains (see WPC medium range Winter Weather
Outlooks). On Sat, shower and thunderstorm activity should shift a
bit eastward toward the lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys.
With the surface front expected to stall near the Gulf Coast early
next week, and continued northward moisture advection crossing the
boundary, showers and storms could linger from the Southern Plains
into the Tennessee Valley into early next week. The potential for
multiple days of at least locally heavy rains across the same
areas could result in areas of runoff issues. The upper low and
associated frontal system reaching the Northwest on Fri will
spread rain and mountain snows inland across much of the western
states through the weekend and into early next week. Activity
should gradually shift southward/eastward through time, reaching
California Sat-Sun and the Wasatch and central Rockies by Sun-Mon.
Temperatures are expected to initially be well above average along
the Eastern Seaboard ahead of the cold front on Fri - with high
temperatures 10-18 deg F above average for many areas. Cooler air
should much of the East Coast over the weekend as a strong polar
high pressure area behind the cold front influences the region.
The Gulf Coast region, remaining south of the front at least
through the weekend, should remain above average. Strong arctic
high pressure nosing down east of the Canadian Rockies will bring
cold conditions to portions of the northern Rockies and northern
High Plains Fri through the weekend, with high temperatures
ranging from 20 to as much as 40 deg below average for some areas,
and many areas remaining well below freezing through the weekend.
Ryan
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml