Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
132 PM EDT Sat Apr 04 2020
Valid 12Z Tue Apr 07 2020 - 12Z Sat Apr 11 2020
...Significant precipitation potential over central and southern
California through the middle of next week...
...Overview and Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
A blocking ridge over the eastern Pacific Ocean will favor
downstream trough developing along the U.S. West Coast. Embedded
within the broad western trough, models show strong consensus that
an upper-level low will drop southward along the West Coast
Tue-Wed (days 3-4), before slowly moving east across the interior
southwest Thu-Fri (days 5-6), and possibly into the southern
Plains by Sat (day 7).
The most significant model differences during the extended
forecast period continue to surround the speed with which the
upper low moves eastward during the mid to late part of next week.
The 06z GFS continued to be much faster than all other
deterministic guidance to move the system eastward Wed-Fri, and is
starting to slow down on the 12z run.
All other deterministic guidance remains slower than the GFS, with
intermediate timing shown by the 00z ECMWF and 00-06z GEFS Mean.
The CMC and the UKMET remained on the slow end of the spread, so
the ECMWF/GEFS Mean in the middle. A look at trends among ensemble
members over the past 24 hours shows somewhat of a convergence
toward the center, providing continued support for the solution
shown (fairly consistently) by the ECMWF/GEFS mean).
Consequently, the forecast was a blend of the 00z
ECMWF/yesterday's 12z ECMWF/06z GEFS Mean, with lower weight on
the Canadian and 00z ECMWF Ensemble Mean through Day 6.
The Day 7 forecast used a blend of the 00z ECMWF and 06z GEFS
mean, which have clustered better than usual the past few days.
Confidence is still below normal on day 7, given the large timing
differences with the closed low and resultant differences phasing
with the northern stream trough in the eastern US. The 00z ECMWF
Ensemble mean continued with faster timing than the operational
00z ECMWF, highlighting the large spread and potential for
adjustments to later forecasts.
Farther north, a mid-upper level trough with a surface frontal
wave crosses the Northern Plains into the upper MS Valley Tue and
into the Great Lakes Wed.
A lead wave crosses the lower lakes with low pressure developing
off the mid Atlantic coast and moving steadily offshore Thu. The
00z ECMWF was north of the ECMWF Ensemble Mean, UKMET, Canadian,
and GFS, so a multi-model consensus was used due to variance in
the latitude of the operational ECMWF runs from yesterday to
today.
As the upper low moves across the Great Lakes and Northeast
Thu-Fri, another triple point low develops either in eastern New
York, NJ, or southern New England, deepening as it moves slowly
across New England and the adjacent coastal waters Fri, departing
Sat.
Significant spread emerges by later next week with respect to how
long the eastern US trough persists, as the operational
CMC/GFS/ECMWF/06z GEFS Mean allow more persistence into Sat, but
the 00z ECMWF Ensemble Mean quickly moves the trough offshore,
allowing ridging to building in Sat Apr 11 downstream from dual
northern and southern stream troughs in the Plains.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
The western upper-level low is forecast to result in an extended
period of onshore flow for much of California, with the potential
for heavy valley rain and mountain snow in the ranges of southern
CA. Lighter snow spreads into the ranges of Nevada, and then into
the mountains of northern AZ early to mid week. As the closed low
move east, snow develops downstream into the ranges of southern
UT, CO, and northern NM.
Farther east, showers and thunderstorms with locally heavy rain
are expected to focus from the lower Mississippi Valley to the
Southeast Tue. The northern stream system is expected to bring
showers to portions of the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes Tue-Wed.
As a surface low develops off the Northeast coast Thu into Fri,
guidance shows the potential for an area of enhanced precipitation
across New England, some of which may fall as snow, especially in
northern New York/northern New England, with a greater chance of
snow at higher elevation locations. Once the southern stream
upper low/trough moves east into the Plains, increasing moisture
return might result in increasing coverage of showers and
thunderstorms across much of the Gulf Coast and into the
Southeast. Timing of this remains uncertain.
A broad area of above average temperatures is expected across much
of the central and eastern U.S. Tue-Wed, with forecast highs 5 to
15 deg F above average expected (perhaps as high as 20 deg above
average in Iowa on Day 3/Tue). By later in the week as the
northern stream trough amplifies and the surface cold front
advances, the above average temperatures should become more
confined to the Southeast, with high temperatures 5 to 15 deg
below average. By Fri, only FL remains above normal.
The slow-moving upper-level low will bring persistent below
average temperatures from much of California east into the
southwestern states, where high temperatures are forecast to be 10
to nearly 20 deg below average through much of next week -
moderating by next weekend as the system moves east.
Above normal temperatures are forecast under the building upper
ridge in northern CA to OR/northern NV/southern ID next Fri-Sat.
Petersen
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml