Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
155 AM EST Tue Nov 17 2020
Valid 12Z Fri Nov 20 2020 - 12Z Tue Nov 24 2020
...Overview and Guidance Evaluation...
From the multi-day mean perspective guidance shows broadly
cyclonic flow with fairly brisk progression. Individual model and
ensemble member solutions indicate above average difficulty in
resolving important embedded shortwave details that will affect
sensible weather over some areas.
The first feature of note will be a shortwave moving into the West
late this week and continuing across the country thereafter,
interacting with a leading surface front initially extending from
the northeastern U.S. through the central Plains into the Four
Corners states. Compared to yesterday the guidance is showing
increased spread regarding individual impulses within the overall
trough, with differences in phasing or flow separation leading to
some very different ideas for low pressure evolution over the
eastern half of the lower 48 from late weekend into next week.
For the purposes of the deterministic forecast, prefer to lean
away from the more separated solutions aloft with stronger/slower
surface low pressure like the 12Z ECMWF/CMC given the progressive
pattern--but with the understanding that some potential for that
scenario does exist. The new 00Z ECMWF has trended away from the
12Z run's separated/slow evolution.
Upstream the ECMWF-based guidance has been trending toward other
faster and less amplified solutions for leading energy forecast to
approach/reach the West by around Sun. This reflects greater
influence of strong North Pacific flow upstream, which should
ultimately develop a broad trough aloft over the northeastern
Pacific by the end of the period next Tue, and suggests that the
positive height anomaly expected to be near 40N 170W may not be
strong enough to support a more amplified eastern Pacific/West
Coast trough aloft recommended by teleconnections. The incoming
energy around Sun will provide additional detail uncertainties as
it continues across the western/central U.S. early next week.
During the first half of the period an operational model blend
among the 12Z models and 18Z GFS provided an intermediate starting
point for significant features given lower predictability smaller
scale detail issues aloft. Then the forecast rapidly adjusted
toward primary emphasis on the ensemble means, with the 18Z GFS
providing the only operational model input after early Mon.
...Sensible Weather and Hazards...
From late this week through the weekend one area of significant
precipitation will start out as snow and lower elevation rain
over/near the central Rockies and quickly expand across portions
of the central U.S. as the upper shortwave progressing from the
West into the Plains interacts with a northeast-southwest front
and likely encourages some degree of surface wave development.
Areas from the central Plains through Midwest into central Great
Lakes continue to see the best potential for highest totals from
this event. Meaningful rain may also extend to the south of the
central Plains/Midwest. The northern periphery of the moisture
shield may contain some snow, most likely from the
central/north-central High Plains into the Upper Great Lakes if
any does fall. Precipitation coverage and intensity become
increasingly uncertain over the central/eastern U.S. by early next
week given a variety of solutions for upper shortwave details and
associated surface evolution--not just the leading system of
interest but also for upstream energy emerging from the West
toward the end of the period.
Over the Northwest, for late this week expect most rain and higher
elevation snow to be confined to the northern Pacific
Northwest/extreme northern Rockies and be of light-moderate
intensity. Then the northern half of the West Coast into the
northern Rockies will likely see a trend toward heavier
precipitation from Sun through Tue as strong Pacific flow aloft
brings a surge of moisture into the region, with highest totals
focused over favored windward terrain.
Late this week areas from Arizona and the southern Rockies
northeastward will see well above normal temperatures in the warm
sector ahead of the initial northeast-southwest front, with a
decent area of plus 10-20F anomalies along with min temps possibly
exceeding 20F above normal over parts of the central Plains.
System/front progression will bring plus 5-15F anomalies into the
East around Sun-Mon. Trailing cooler air will offer near to
moderately below normal anomalies spreading from the West into the
southern half of the Plains Fri-Mon before moderating farther east
thereafter. The West will see temperatures rebound to near or
slightly above normal by next Mon-Tue. The northern Plains should
be moderately above normal most of the period, with a late warming
trend possibly bring some highs at least 10F above normal by next
Tue.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml