Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
156 PM EDT Sun Jul 10 2022
Valid 12Z Wed Jul 13 2022 - 12Z Sun Jul 17 2022
...Excessive rainfall threat for the central Gulf Coast states...
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
One of the biggest areas of uncertainty in the medium range period
remains along the central Gulf Coast, where there is good
agreement that some sort of upper level energy will get left
behind by an upper trough shifting east at the end of the short
range, but the evolution of that is in question towards next
weekend. Overnight, some of the guidance (most notably the ECMWF
and UKMET) seemed to really want to blossom this into a fairly
well defined tropical low, and NHC has recently added this area
into their outlook (with a low chance of development). There is a
significant uncertainty where though this may (or may not) impact,
from generally east TX to the western FL Panhandle. The GFS, CMC,
and ensemble means are much less enthusiastic but still suggest
the presence of at least a trough or lingering front for some
time. Uncertainty remains high, and so the WPC progs/QPF favor
something closer to the ensemble means and 13z NBM until
confidence increases. Please refer to the latest tropical weather
outlooks from NHC for the latest information on this feature.
Otherwise, there is continued good agreement for some sort of
amplified troughing across the East, as a weak shortwave slides
into the Pacific Northwest on Wednesday and rides overtop a strong
central U.S. ridge Thursday-Friday. Eventually, this energy should
drop back towards the Great Lakes serving to reinforce troughing
over the East by late period. Typical late period uncertainties
with timing and details begins to arise by days 6-7 both in the
Eastern trough, but also with a possible closed low towards the
Pacific Northwest coast next weekend. With the latter, the ECMWF
is weaker/faster to bring energy into southwest Canada, but the
CMC and GFS show a much stronger more compact closed low just off
Vancouver Island day 7.
The WPC blend favored the deterministic models for day 3-5, but
quickly transitioned to a 50/50 ensemble mean/deterministic blend
by 6 and 7 to help mitigate differences in the West, as well as
along the Gulf Coast. Overall, this approach maintains good WPC
continuity from the previous shift.
...Overview and Weather/Hazards Highlights...
A main upper high/ridge will settle westward into the Four Corners
this week to support above normal temperatures across much of the
West, but the most anomalous heat is forecast to spread downstream
across the north-central U.S. as ridging/heights build over the
region. In this pattern, monsoonal moisture flow across the
Southwest into the Great Basin/Rockies may offer daily chances for
showers with some locally heavier downpours. Meanwhile, a series
of uncertain impulses will round the top of the ridge to
periodically focus strong convection locally over the
north-central Plains/Upper Midwest.
Upper trough positions will sandwich the upper ridge both off the
Pacific Northwest where rainfall chances are limited and also the
East where fronts will focus rain and thunderstorms. Moisture will
pool from the eastern Mid-Atlantic to the Southeast and Gulf Coast
states near a wavy stalled lead front. Interaction with a
sub-tropicical disturbance in the Gulf of Mexico may in particular
support heavy rain potential near the central Gulf Coast. This
could focus slow-moving/repeat cells with very heavy downpours
leading to local runoff issues, so a "slight" risk area was
maintained on the experimental WPC medium range Excessive Rainfall
Outlook for Wednesday. Some of the models hint at the potential
for this disturbance to evolve into something more tropical like,
although there is significant uncertainty in this, which has
implications for how much and where QPF falls. Regardless of
development though, there is agreement that heavy rainfall likely
impacts the central Gulf coast as moisture interacts with the
stalled frontal boundary.
Santorelli/Schichtel
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml