Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
243 PM EDT Sun Mar 08 2020
Valid 12Z Wed Mar 11 2020 - 12Z Sun Mar 15 2020
...Southwest heavy rain threat into mid-late week to emerge over
the south-central U.S...
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
It remains the case that an active flow regime remains on tap for
the lower 48 and vicinity during the medium range as a relatively
progressive northern stream and less progressive/separated
southern stream are forecast. Through the first half of the week,
models/ensembles showed relatively good consensus, but that
degrades quite a bit toward the end of the forecast period. An
area of low pressure is forecast to move away from the Northeast
on Wed, with the cold front trailing back into the south-central
Plains. Farther west, across the east Pacific, a deep cutoff
upper-level low is forecast by all guidance to approach Southern
California by Wed-Thu, eventually reaching the central U.S.
Models/ensembles over the past 24 hours have shown a trend toward
a slower progression of this system, although that trend seems to
be ending with the latest arriving solutions appearing more stable
in terms of timing. The GFS has largely lagged the ECMWF on this
trend. This slower progression makes for less phasing/interaction
with northern stream energy than was shown in previous days, as
southern system now completely misses the leading northern stream
energy in terms of timing. Thus, latest solutions show a continued
separate southern stream wave emerging into the Plains by Fri
night. At this time model/ensemble spread has reduced somewhat
around this southern stream feature, but a larger difference was
noted with another northern stream wave forecast to cross the
Great Lakes into next weekend. Differences play out in
dramatically different solutions at the surface between recent
runs of the GFS and ECMWF next weekend, with the ECMWF/ECMWF
ensembles showing more suppressed surface low tracks from the
Southern Plains through the South, and more pronounced round of
cold polar air farther north from the Midwest to the Northeast.
Meanwhile, recent GFS and GEFS have been showing more phasing/low
pressure system development and tracks that tend to lift farther
northeastward than the ECMWF/ECMWF ensembles into the cold dome.
Based on an assessment of the current ensemble spread, something
closer to the ECMWF ensemble mean was preferred. Farther west,
models continue to depict an amplified shortwave trough/upper low
reaching the Pacific Northwest next Fri-Sat. This feature is
present across multiple runs/models and recent run-to-run
continuity has improved despite lingering uncertainty with respect
to guiding upstream ridge specifics.
The WPC forecast was based heavily on the compatable 00 UTC
ECMWF/ECMWF ensemble mean during days 3-5 (Wed-Fri). For next
weekend, the WPC product suite was mainly derived from the ECMWF
ensemble mean amid growing model spread and uncertainty and with
an eye on continuity.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Portions of the Southwest will see a period of heavy precipitation
potential mainly Wed-Thu as the upper-level low moves across
inland. Farther east, moist southerly flow should focus showers
and thunderstorms along a slow moving/wavy front stretching
eastward from the south-central U.S. As the Pacific shortwave
energy (former upper low) reaches the central U.S. by Fri/Sat,
showers and thunderstorms, some strong, are expected to become
more widespread from the Southern Plains northeastward to the
Appalachians ahead and wrapping into the main system. There
remains much uncertainty with the main axis of any heaviest
amounts and associated runoff risks. There should also be
sufficient cold air to the north to support some snow/ice on the
northern periphery of the expanding precipitation shield.
Meanwhile, the Northwest should see an increase in rain/mountain
snow heading into next weekend as the aforementioned trough and
frontal system affect the region with increasing vigor. Rain/snow
with this system are forecast to spread inland across the West
through next weekend.
Ryan/Schichtel
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml