Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
103 AM EDT Fri Apr 03 2020
Valid 12Z Mon Apr 06 2020 - 12Z Fri Apr 10 2020
...Significant precipitation potential over parts of California
Sunday through the middle of next week...
...Overview and Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
An upper-level ridge is forecast to persist across the northeast
Pacific, west of British Columbia and south of Alaska, during the
extended forecast period. This blocking ridge will favor
persistent downstream troughing along the U.S. West Coast, and
broad ridging/anticyclonic flow centered over the south
central/southeastern states. Embedded within the broad western
trough, models show strong consensus that an upper-level low will
drop southward along the West Coast Mon-Wed (days 3-5), before
slowly moving east across the interior West Thu-Fri (days 6-7).
Farther north, an active northern stream jet is expected from the
Gulf of Alaska, north of the Pacific ridge, east across
western/central Canada. Amplifying northern stream shortwave
energy is expected to cross the northeastern U.S. on Mon, with a
second more significant shortwave amplifying across the Great
Lakes and Northeast Thu-Fri. The surface low pressure system
associated with this late week shortwave is forecast to cross the
north central U.S. Tue-Wed, reaching the eastern U.S. on Thu, with
potential development of a low off the Northeast U.S. coast Thu
night-Fri.
The most significant model differences during the extended
forecast period surround the speed with which the western upper
low begins to move eastward during the mid to late part of next
week. The GFS has remained much faster than all other
deterministic guidance to move the shortwave east across the West
Wed-Thu and into the central U.S. Fri. Meanwhile, the ECMWF is
nearly two days slower. The overwhelming ensemble consensus
supports something much closer to the ECMWF (even the GEFS
ensemble mean provides little to no support for the operational
GFS). With the northern stream features, differences among the
guidance are much smaller, and model consensus is above average
(especially considering the time range) with respect to the
amplifying Great Lakes/Northeast trough days 6-7. Solutions are,
as would be expected, a bit more variable when it comes to the
specifics of whether cyclogenesis occurs off the Northeast coast,
and the track of the potential system.
Given the above considerations, chose to begin the forecast period
with a blend of the 12Z ECMWF/18Z GFS (more weight toward the
ECMWF) during days 3-4. During days 5-7, the forecast continued to
weight the ECMWF heavily, but with gradually increasing influence
from the ECENS and GEFS ensemble means through time, and majority
ensemble means on days 6-7.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
The upper-level low moving south along the West Coast and
eventually inland across the West will result in an extended
period of onshore flow for much of California, with the potential
for heavy rain (and snow in the Sierra) Mon-Wed. Farther east,
showers and thunderstorms with locally heavy rain are expected to
focus from the lower Mississippi Valley to the Southeast Mon-Tue
along a northward-moving warm front. Relatively lighter
precipitation is expected across the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes
Tue-Wed in association with a surface frontal system ahead of the
amplifying northern stream shortwave. As a potential surface low
develops off the Northeast coast Thu into Fri, guidance shows the
potential for an area of enhanced precipitation across New
England, although forecast confidence is not particularly high at
this point in time with respect to the specifics of precipitation
axis location and type. This system does have the potential to
produce some accumulating snows across portions of New England,
especially interior/higher elevation locations. Also by late next
week as the southwestern upper low begins to nudge eastward,
moisture return is expected to increase across the Southern
Plains, perhaps leading to an increased risk of showers and
thunderstorms by Thu or Fri.
A broad area of above average temperatures is expected across much
of the central and eastern U.S. Mon-Wed, with forecast highs 5 to
15 deg F above average possible. By late in the week as the
northern stream trough amplifies and the surface cold front
advances, the above average temperatures should become more
confined to the Southeast. Meanwhile, the slow-moving upper-level
low will bring persistent below average temperatures from much of
California east into the southwestern States, where high
temperatures 10 to nearly 20 deg F below average are forecast
through much of next week.
Ryan
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml