Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
553 PM EDT Thu Apr 09 2020
Valid 12Z Sun Apr 12 2020 - 12Z Thu Apr 16 2020
...Heavy rain/flooding and severe weather threat for the South on
Sunday, then Appalachians/Eastern Seaboard on Monday...
...Threat of heavy snow and cold across the portions of the
Central/Southern Rockies and High Plains through Monday...
...Overview and Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Broad, upper-level ridging will nose into the northeast Pacific
and Alaska through this coming week. As such, a broad region of
downstream cyclonic flow will be present across much of the CONUS.
A vigorous mid/upper-level shortwave (former southwestern upper
low) initially across the southern High Plains is forecast to
accelerate northeastward, eventually interacting with northern
stream shortwave energy and carving out a broad trough across the
central/eastern U.S.
The GFS evolution has been and continues to be more progressive
and ultimately out of sync with other pieces of guidance. The CMC,
UKMET along with the ECWMF/EC Ensemble have been a bit further
west and more pronounced with each shortwave feature during the
extended periods. A combination of those four models maintained a
sense of continuity, favoring quick deepening of a surface low
across the Southern Plains on Sunday as the upper-level system
moves east, with energy quickly transferring to development of
another surface low. This feature will then rapidly lift through
the Tennessee and Ohio Valleys, Great Lakes and into eastern
Canada on Monday. A trailing cold front will slowly makes it way
through the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast, providing a focus for
continued convection across the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic regions
as it moves offshore.
Farther west, models continue to struggle with handling of energy
dropping down the eastern side of the North Pacific ridge, moving
from British Columbia southward into the western U.S., and further
carving out the western side of a broad upper-level trough. A
somewhat stronger signal is evident in among ensemble members as
well as the deterministic ECMWF for the most significant of these
shortwaves to dive south into the northwestern U.S. Tue night into
Wed, reaching the Great Basin Wed night into Thu. Farther east
next week, broad high pressure at the surface is expected to
dominate, with broad northerly flow across central Canada,
providing constant replenishment to polar air moving southward
into the central U.S.
The WPC forecast consisted of a compromise of the 00Z
CMC/UKMET/ECWMF/EC Ensemble means through the extended periods.
The weighting of the ensemble means were increased toward the end
of the forecast.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Much of the Gulf Coast states, Southeast and southern portions of
the Mid-Atlantic will have widespread showers and thunderstorms as
a warm front ahead of the developing Southern Plains/western Gulf
Coast low pressure system lifts north. The environment over much
of this region will be conducive for periods of intense rainfall
that may lead to rapid runoff, urban ponding or localized flash
flooding. Additionally, these thunderstorms may become strong to
severe, causing other hazardous conditions such as damaging winds
or hail.
As previously noted, the trend from the past few runs of
model/ensemble guidance show an increasingly strong signal for
potential heavy rain/flooding concerns from the lower Mississippi
Valley to the Southeast and Southern Appalachians through Sunday.
General consensus depicts a swath of 3 to 5 inches across from
parts eastern Gulf Coast to the southern Mid-Atlantic with very
isolated maximums possibly reaching or exceeding 6 inches. As low
pressure moves northeast across Tennessee/Ohio Valleys and quickly
deepens, gusty winds may also pose a threat. On the northwest side
of the low pressure system, sufficient cold air may be in place to
support precipitation falling as snow across portions of the
Midwest and Upper Great Lakes on Sun, with some accumulations
possible, along with gusty winds.
As the deep low lifts through the Great Lakes and the overall
system moves north and east Mon, widespread precipitation is
expected across the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast. With the low
pressure system expected to track farther west than prior systems,
the setup appears warmer across the Northeast where the winter
weather threat appears low. A second wave of low pressure along
the trailing cold front Tue-Wed may bring another round of showers
and thunderstorms to portions of the Southeast and Mid-Atlantic,
with additional rain (and perhaps interior snow or rain/snow mix)
for the Northeast.
A strong/windy cold frontal passage will spread anomalously cold
air southward from Canada over the weekend. High temperatures 20
to 30 deg F below average are forecast across much of the Rockies
and central U.S. Sun-Mon. Additionally, the system is also
expected to produce a threat for heavy snow, working its way
southward across the central/southern Rockies and High Plains
Sun-Tue. Some slight moderation is possible by the middle of next
week, but the pattern should support continued upper troughing and
below average temperatures, centered across the north central U.S.
(and eventually spreading east Wed-Thu), through the end of the
forecast period.
Campbell/Ryan
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
Hazards:
- Heavy rain across portions of the Mid-Atlantic, the Lower
Mississippi Valley, the Central
Appalachians, the Tennessee Valley, the Northeast, the Southern
Appalachians, the Southeast, the
Great Lakes, and the Ohio Valley, Sun-Mon, Apr 12-Apr 13.
- Heavy rain across portions of the Southeast, Wed, Apr 15.
- Heavy snow across portions of the Central Plains, the Central
Rockies, the Southern Plains, the
Southern Rockies, the Upper Mississippi Valley, and the Great
Lakes, Sun-Mon, Apr 12-Apr 13.
- Heavy snow across portions of the Central Plains, the Middle
Mississippi Valley, and the Upper
Mississippi Valley, Sun, Apr 12.
- Heavy snow across portions of the Central Appalachians, Wed-Thu,
Apr 15-Apr 16.
- Severe weather across portions of the Lower Mississippi Valley,
the Tennessee Valley, the
Mid-Atlantic, the Southern Appalachians, the Southeast, and the
Southern Plains, Sun, Apr 12.
- Severe weather across portions of the Southeast and the
Mid-Atlantic, Mon, Apr 13.
- Flooding possible across portions of the Northern Plains.
- Flooding occurring or imminent across portions of the Lower
Mississippi Valley, the Northern
Plains, the Tennessee Valley, the Middle Mississippi Valley, the
Upper Mississippi Valley, the
Southern Plains, and the Ohio Valley.
- High winds across portions of the Central Plains, the Central
Rockies, the Central Great Basin,
the Northern Plains, the Northern Rockies, the Southern Rockies,
the Middle Mississippi Valley, the
Upper Mississippi Valley, and the Southern Plains, Sun, Apr 12.
- High winds across portions of the Central Plains, the
Mid-Atlantic, the Lower Mississippi Valley,
the Central Appalachians, the Northern Plains, the Tennessee
Valley, the Middle Mississippi Valley,
the Northeast, the Southern Appalachians, the Upper Mississippi
Valley, the Great Lakes, and the
Ohio Valley, Mon-Tue, Apr 13-Apr 14.
- Much below normal temperatures across portions of the Central
Plains, the Central Rockies, the
Lower Mississippi Valley, the Central Great Basin, the Northern
Plains, the Great Lakes, the
Northern Rockies, the Southern Rockies, the Middle Mississippi
Valley, the Upper Mississippi
Valley, the Southern Plains, and the Ohio Valley, Sun-Thu, Apr
12-Apr 16.
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml