Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
211 PM EDT Wed Apr 22 2020
Valid 12Z Sat Apr 25 2020 - 12Z Wed Apr 29 2020
...Extended Period of Much Above Normal Temperatures Expanding
Across the West...
...Cool and Unsettled Period Across the Eastern Half of the Lower
48...
...Overview...
The flow pattern will settle into a western ridge/eastern trough
pattern through the medium range period, and potentially beyond,
per the latest Climate Predication Center 8-14 day forecast. This
will support an increasing area of much above normal temperatures
over the West, with some of this warmth possibly extending into
the Northwest by the middle of next week after shortwave energy
rounding the ridge brings a period of precipitation and moderate
temperatures to that region during the weekend and early next
week. Farther east expect below normal temperatures and a couple
episodes of meaningful precipitation as one system tracks
northeastward from the south-central Mississippi Valley during the
weekend into the start of next week and another developing system
likely reaches the eastern states by next Wed.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
At the start of the medium range period /day 3 Saturday/, low
pressure is expected to be across western KY where the latest
guidance has improved and clustered together on a solution. As
that system progresses to the Mid-Atlantic, there remains some
speed and latitudinal spread, particularly seen in the 00Z/06Z GFS
which maintains a fast bias with some northward spread as well,
which has largely been discounted given the relatively above
average agreement among the ECMWF/CMC/UKMET. The CMC/UKMET however
become out of favor as the system moves up the East Coast and the
consensus/compromise approach mirrors the deterministic ECMWF.
Across the western U.S., guidance shows pretty good agreement
through about day 6 at which the ECMWF builds the western ridge
considerably more than the GFS, which leans toward more zonal flow
across the Pacific NW and northern Rockies. Looking at the
ensembles and teleconnections, the stronger ridge axis makes more
sense and was favored in the blend (higher inclusion of the 00Z
ECMWF and less GFS/GEFS). As shortwave energy moves into the
central Plains, low pressure is forecast develop across the
central US, Ohio Valley, Great Lakes area. There is considerable
uncertainty with a large spread in the model guidance. With the
blend favoring ECMWF, low pressure would track from the Mid-MS
River Valley toward the Great Lakes, but overall forecast
confidence at day 7 is quite low.
In summary, the WPC blend for the medium range period initialized
with the 00Z ECMWF, 00Z GFS with some components of the CMC/UKMET
but quickly transitioned to a majority blend of the ECMWF/ECENS by
day 5 onward. Higher percentages of the ECENS mean was
incorporated for day 6/7.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
The system forecast to track from the south-central Mississippi
Valley to near the New England coast during the weekend into Mon
should bring highest precipitation totals to areas from the
Midwest/Ohio Valley through the northern Mid-Atlantic and
Northeast. Some of the higher elevations across the interior
Northeast and possibly the Appalachians could see meaningful snow
from this system. There are lingering detail uncertainties that
offer potential for at least modest adjustment of this axis in
future model runs. The Storm Prediction Center is monitoring
severe potential in the warm sector to the south but
predictability of important ingredients is fairly low so far.
Check future outlooks for latest details on any severe threats as
specifics become more clear. Farther west the guidance is making
progress in converging (between the two extremes seen yesterday)
for the precipitation forecast over the Pacific Northwest and
northern Rockies as shortwave energy crosses the region Sat-Mon.
Highest totals are still most likely to be along favored terrain
in western Washington. As the shortwave energy continues eastward
and amplifies Tue-Wed another central-eastern U.S. low pressure
system and associated fronts should focus areas of rain and
thunderstorms with some activity possibly moderate to heavy
depending on specifics of system evolution. Details are too
uncertain at this time to specify most favored areas for highest
rainfall totals at this time.
The expansion/intensification of well above normal temperatures
over the West should occur in two phases. During Sat-Mon expect
coverage of plus 10-15F anomalies to extend farther eastward
across the southern half to two-thirds of the region, eventually
extending into the High Plains. The Northwest should be closer to
normal due to clouds and precipitation. Then strengthening of the
upper ridge during Tue-Wed should support increasing anomalies and
northward expansion of warmth. By next Wed there should be
considerable coverage of highs 15-25F above normal with locations
in and near the Great Basin seeing the highest potential for plus
20F or greater anomalies. Some daily records for highs/warm lows
are possible through the period and likely a greater number
heading into Tue-Wed. Meanwhile within the generally cool pattern
over the East expect an area of minus 10-15F anomalies for highs
to progress from the Midwest through the Mid-Atlantic/Northeast
during Sat-Mon, followed by single-digit anomalies Tue-Wed.
Rausch/Taylor
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml