Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
254 PM EDT Sun May 10 2020
Valid 12Z Wed May 13 2020 - 12Z Sun May 17 2020
...Record low temperatures possible across the East through
Wednesday morning followed by a gradual warming trend...
...Heavy rain possible over portions of the Plains and
east-central U.S. as well as South Florida...
...Overview and Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Temperatures 10-15F below normal over some areas from the
Northeast into the Northern Plains on Wed, including some possible
record lows in the East to start the day, will be the last vestige
of the current March-like regime affecting areas to the east of
the Rockies. Then the CONUS upper level and temperature pattern
will be more typical of the latter half of spring with lower
amplitude mean flow aloft downstream from a Rex block pattern that
prevails over the North Pacific through northwestern North America
and into the Arctic.
An upper trough (likely incorporating at least some energy from
the upper low off the Pacific Northwest as of Wed) should migrate
across the West and into the Plains during the latter half of the
week and weekend while a flat mean ridge/modestly above normal
heights aloft become established over the East. This trough and
leading shortwave energy flowing along the U.S.-Canadian border
should support at least a couple waves along a front that becomes
established between the northeastern U.S. and central/southern
Plains, and for a time extends into the West. The interaction of
these features and a persistent low-level flow of moisture from
the Gulf of Mexico will increase the potential for multiple
episodes of moderate to heavy rain/thunderstorms between the
central-southern Plains and locations to the northeast. Currently
the most coherent signal for highest five-day rainfall totals
extends across the Midwest and Lower Great Lakes/northern Ohio
Valley region but there are meaningful probabilities over the
Southern Plains as well. The Storm Prediction Center is
monitoring the severe weather potential. Check for upcoming
outlooks as important details become better resolved. From late
week into the weekend the wavy front will separate near to below
normal temperatures to the north/west from above normal readings
to the south, in most cases within 10F on either side of
climatology.
The trailing end of a stationary front near South Florida will
eventually dissipate. Moisture and instability focused along this
front will promote scattered to numerous showers and thunderstorms
through late week with at least locally heavy rain possible over
the area through Fri-Sat.
The West will see two primary precipitation events during the
period. The first should be during Wed-Fri with rain and some
high elevation snow extending from the northern half of the West
Coast into the Rockies as the the upper low initially off the
Northwest coast and trough energy to the south gradually move
into/through the West. Depending on the evolution of this system,
there could be locally enhanced precip extending into parts of the
northern-central High Plains. After a brief dry period behind
this precip area, expect a stronger system with a robust front to
approach the West Coast next weekend and bring locally enhanced
activity to northern California and the Pacific Northwest. There
is some uncertainty over the eastern/southern extent of moisture
especially by next Sun. Anticipate the highest five-day totals
along the most favored terrain of extreme northwest California and
the Pacific Northwest.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Latest models and means agreed well for the overall pattern
evolution to leave mostly embedded details up for some debate. An
operational model blend of latest 06Z/00Z runs into day 5 Fri
followed by a trend to a model/ensemble mean/continuity mix
represented consensus well for significant features while
downplaying low-confidence specifics for smaller scale aspects
exhibiting low predictability. One particular guidance issue of
note is that by day 7 Sun the 00Z ECMWF became fairly extreme
versus the full ensemble spread for the southeastward amplitude of
the upper trough reaching the West Coast--ultimately leading to an
embedded upper low path well south of most other solutions just
after the medium range period. The leading western trough has
been fairly diffuse in most guidance thus far but the new 12Z
ECMWF deepens it to a greater extent than the majority cluster and
by next weekend becomes considerably slower. Meanwhile guidance
has been providing some various alternatives along/offshore the
southeastern coast during the latter half of the period. The 00Z
CMC/CMC ensembles were generally on their own with weak waviness
and associated moisture lifting from Florida into the
Mid-Atlantic. Farther offshore the GFS/GEFS mean and now the 12Z
UKMET show development of better defined low pressure while latest
ECMWF runs have been slower and weaker with such development.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml