Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
102 AM EDT Mon May 11 2020
Valid 12Z Thu May 14 2020 - 12Z Mon May 18 2020
...Active weather pattern expected to develop for portions of the
central and east central U.S. later this week...
...Overview and Weather/Hazard Highlights...
A Rex Block extending from the North Pacific to the Arctic which
has been persistent in recent days appears likely to continue, but
become somewhat reoriented during the medium range. The block
should weaken somewhat as the area of negative height anomalies in
the North Pacific shifts east into the western U.S. Another area
of persistent negative height anomalies looks to become
established across the northwest Pacific, changing the orientation
of the block. The implications of this will be a trend toward at
least a somewhat more amplified pattern across the CONUS, after
beginning the forecast period a bit more zonal, as troughing
becomes more persistent in the West and the subtropical ridge
builds north into the Southeast, with shortwave energy tending to
eject from the broad western trough, interact with a wavy frontal
boundary, and then traverse the northern periphery of the
southeastern U.S. ridge. This setup will keep areas from the
Southern/Central Plains to the Ohio Valley/Great Lakes in a
relatively active weather pattern with several rounds of showers
and thunderstorms possible through the medium range. Rising
heights over the Southeast will bring warming temperatures. In
contrast to the recent cool period - highs are forecast to be 5 to
10 deg F above average Fri through the weekend from period of the
Southeast/Tennessee Valley to the Mid-Atlantic.
An upper-level shortwave and associated surface frontal wave are
expected to bring showers and thunderstorms from the
Mid-Mississippi Valley to the Great Lakes Thu-Fri, with areas of
heavy rainfall possible. After that, as more pronounced shortwave
energy moves from the West into the central U.S., the
Central/Southern Plains are expected to become increasingly active
Fri-Sat, with the potential for multiple waves of low pressure to
move along a quasi-stationary front. Areas of heavy rainfall as
well as severe weather will be possible, although the specific
areas affected will likely depend on convection-scale processes
with low predictability in the medium range. Farther west, heights
should fall across the Northwest Sun-Mon as the aforementioned
southern component of the Rex Block shifts eastward. A vigorous
Pacific cold front should push inland along with the height falls,
bringing dropping temperatures and widespread precipitation (rain
and high elevation snows) to areas from Central California and the
Pacific Northwest, eastward into the northern Rockies. High
temperatures by Sun-Mon are forecast to be 5 to 15 deg below
average across portions of the West Coast and interior Northwest.
Elsewhere, the trailing end of a stationary frontal boundary is
forecast to linger in the vicinity of South Florida through late
in the week, before some guidance develops a weak area of low
pressure along the boundary and moves it northeastward away from
the state. This boundary is expected to focus showers and
thunderstorms, with the potential for locally heavy rains across
South Florida Thu and Fri, before activity begins to shift east of
the state over the weekend.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
The 12Z ECMWF seemed to be the deterministic solution that fit
best within the center of the ensemble spread during the first
half of the extended period. Thus, the ECMWF was weighted heavily
during days 3-4 (Thu-Fri). After that, the ECMWF began to show
some differences in timing and amplitude of various features,
particularly the shortwave energy ejecting from the Rockies into
the central U.S. over the weekend. Thus, ECENS and GEFS ensemble
means were weighted more heavily through time starting on day 5
(Sat), with majority weighting on ensemble means by days 6-7
(Sun-Mon).
Ryan
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml