Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
247 PM EDT Thu May 14 2020
Valid 12Z Sun May 17 2020 - 12Z Thu May 21 2020
...Significant precipitation possible from northern California
into the northern Rockies/Montana...
...Some heavy rainfall possible over parts of the East...
...Overview and Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Guidance shows an evolution toward a very amplified regime aloft.
A deep trough with embedded low will progress from the eastern
Pacific into the western U.S. while farther east a sharpening
upper ridge over the Plains should encourage a deepening trough
and closed low to settle over the East. The system coming into
the West will likely bring highest rainfall totals, and possibly
some high elevation snow, from northern California into the
northern Rockies/High Plains. Low level upslope flow north of a
front that drops into Montana by around midweek could serve to
enhance amounts over/near that state. In contrast to the recently
good continuity over the West, guidance trends have been dramatic
for the amplifying eastern system. In fact a couple days ago most
solutions were showing an upper ridge moving into the eastern half
of the lower 48. The eastern U.S. upper trough/low and associated
low pressure, plus the increasing likelihood for a period of slow
movement, may produce some areas of significant rainfall. The
most common signal for highest amounts in the 00Z/06Z cycle of
guidance extended from the Great Lakes into the Mid-Atlantic.
This is subject to change given the behavior of guidance over
recent runs. There may also be a period of strong onshore flow
along parts of the East Coast, between the surface low/front and
New England/eastern Canada high pressure. Meanwhile the National
Hurricane Center is monitoring the near-future potential
development of low pressure along a weakening frontal boundary
over the Bahamas. The track of this low should remain offshore
the East Coast but the possibility that some moisture from this
system could interact with the amplifying flow over the interior
eastern U.S. will have to be monitored. Early in the period a
compact upper feature may produce locally heavy rainfall near the
western Gulf Coast/Lower Mississippi Valley regions. The systems
forecast to affect the western and eastern states will each
support a period of cool highs with some locations at least 10-15F
below normal for one or more days. In-between expect an area of
warmth to drift from the Rockies into the Plains. Greatest
anomalies for daytime highs should be plus 15-20F or so over the
northern-central High Plains during Mon-Tue.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Continuity and clustering over the West were better than average
through day 7 Thu, with the core of the upper trough (likely to be
a closed low for a decent part of the period) tracking from
California into the Northern Rockies/Montana from early Tue into
early Thu. The main model consideration was to remove the 00Z CMC
from the blend after early Wed as it strayed from other guidance
for upstream flow approaching the Northwest. Over the East, all
guidance has trended significantly toward a slow/closed solution
aloft over the past couple days but the GFS/GEFS mean have
generally led the ECMWF/ECMWF mean in the slower/deeper trend.
The 00Z ECMWF did adjust to the majority cluster though. It is
hard to argue with this trend given the sharpening/amplifying
nature of upstream flow--plus being a favored time of year for
such features to close off. The 06Z GEFS mean actually ran a bit
counter to the trend so GEFS input favored the 00Z cycle. 00Z
ECMWF ensembles were diverse, eventually leading to a questionably
weak/elongated upper trough. Thus as the operational model blend
early in the period transitioned to a more even model/mean mix,
the mean component used a higher weight of the GEFS mean relative
to the ECMWF mean. New 12Z GFS/ECMWF runs continue to further the
amplifying trend over the East with a farther southwest/south low
track at the surface and aloft.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml