Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
253 PM EDT Thu Jun 11 2020
Valid 12Z Sun Jun 14 2020 - 12Z Thu Jun 18 2020
...Heavy rain threat over parts of the Mid-Atlantic/central
Appalachians and eastern Carolinas...
...Overview...
Most guidance expects the flow aloft to settle into a persistent
pattern during the Sun-Thu time frame. An upper low forming and
then remaining over the East will increase the potential for
significant rainfall totals in its vicinity. At the same time
mean troughing should be anchored over British Columbia and
northwestern U.S., leading to periods of unsettled weather from
the Northwest into the Northern Plains. Embedded features will
likely support two separate frontal systems crossing this part of
the country. In-between expect a ridge aloft to prevail over
northern Mexico and portions of the Plains, leading to very warm
to hot conditions over the central U.S. for most of the period.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
The 00Z/06Z operational models and ensemble means came into better
agreement for the eastern U.S. upper low versus what was seen in
some previous cycles. Overall the ECMWF/ECMWF mean have been
significantly more consistent over the past couple days, keeping
the upper low center inland for multiple days. Some GFS/GEFS mean
runs had been more progressive. Through at least Tue the 00Z
UKMET/CMC were close to consensus though the CMC became a tad
faster than consensus late in the period. Within the Northwest
upper trough there is good agreement on ejection of a leading
upper low/shortwave from the Northwest Sun-Tue. Guidance differs
more for the specifics of upstream flow Tue-Thu. The majority
cluster showed a Northeast Pacific upper low tracking inland close
to the U.S.-Canadian border and an upper trough lingering over the
Northwest through Thu--one question being whether the lingering
trough will be from the upper low itself or the trailing flow
after the upper low ejects. The 00Z CMC kept the upper low center
offshore British Columbia but its mean compared better to the
other models/means. Based on the guidance comparison the updated
forecast started with an operational model blend for days 3-4
Sun-Mon. The days 5-7 Tue-Thu part of the forecast eliminated the
CMC and gradually increased 06Z GEFS/00Z ECMWF mean input such
that the models and means had equal weight by day 7 Thu.
12Z guidance as a whole nudges confidence down a bit over the
East. The 12Z ECMWF/CMC have adjusted somewhat southeast of their
previous runs for the upper low, though the GFS/UKMET and GEFS/CMC
means have stayed close to the 00Z/06Z consensus. The 12Z CMC
adjusted favorably with the mid-late period pattern over the
eastern Pacific/western North America while the GFS is in the
minority with its stalled upper low near the Pacific Northwest
coast next Thu.
...Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Some guidance is still showing meaningful spread and variability
but there is gradually increasing potential for a heavy rainfall
event somewhere within an area extending from the central
Appalachians through Mid-Atlantic to the eastern Carolinas.
Typical guidance error for forecasts several days out in time--as
well as difficulty in resolving important smaller-scale details
that will determine where heavier rainfall bands as well as
training/repeat activity set up--keep the confidence in specifics
fairly low at this time. Localized maximum five-day totals of
5-10 inches may be possible depending on the exact path of the
upper low. At the same time the clouds/rainfall will keep high
temperatures around 5-12F below normal over portions of the East.
Readings should drift closer to normal by next Wed-Thu.
Mean troughing aloft over the Northwest and embedded features
ejecting downstream will lead to an unsettled pattern from the
Northwest through the Northern Plains. A leading front should
reach the Northern Plains Sun-Mon and then dissipate by Tue,
followed by another Pacific front that comes ashore early in the
week and continues across the northern tier. The best signals for
highest five-day totals exist over the Olympics and northern
Washington Cascades. Some guidance shows potential for locally
heavy convection over/near the Northern Plains. Convection could
contain pockets of intense rainfall but confidence in the heavy
rainfall totals is lower given that activity may be fairly
progressive and a surface high pressure axis from the Great Lakes
into the Southern Plains/Gulf Coast should minimize any low level
flow of Gulf moisture into the Plains at least into midweek. The
Northwest will likely see below normal highs for most of the
period. Coolest readings should be over and near the northern
Rockies on Sun and to some degree Mon-Tue with some minus 10-15F
anomalies.
A majority of the Plains will see above normal temperatures
Sun-Thu, with central areas most likely to see highs reach up to
10-15F above normal. Across northern areas the emphasis for
warmth/heat should gradually adjust eastward with time, reaching
the Upper Mississippi Valley by Wed-Thu and possibly extending
through parts of the Great Lakes and New England as well--with
some anomalies reaching plus 10-15F as well. The above normal
temperatures over the central Plains in particular will be notable
for their persistence but should remain below daily record values.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml