Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
210 PM EST Sun Nov 15 2020
Valid 12Z Wed Nov 18 2020 - 12Z Sun Nov 22 2020
...Overview...
During Wed-Fri the mean flow aloft over much of the lower 48 will
trend southwesterly as Mexico/Gulf of Mexico ridging expands into
the Southeast while initial West Coast trough energy ejects inland
and additional Pacific shortwave energy approaches the West Coast.
This latter trough energy should move into the West late week
into the weekend and extend from the northern Plains through the
Four Corners states by early Sun. With time, expect precipitation
emphasis to shift from the northern half of the West
Coast/northern Rockies into the central Rockies and farther east
into portions of the central U.S., as moisture interacts with a
front that stalls over the central Plains/Midwest. Recent model
runs show increasing likelihood of a low pressure wave forming
along the front and tracking toward the Great Lakes by next
weekend. Meanwhile, an upstream northern Pacific trough may
extend far enough east/southeast to have some influence on the
Pacific Northwest by next Sun.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
This morning's model guidance shows above normal agreement on the
overall synoptic pattern evolution during much of the medium-range
period across the U.S. A low pressure system exiting the Canadian
Rockies will continue to track across southern Canada during the
latter part of this week as the associated trailing cold front
becomes nearly stationary across the central Plains to the Midwest
and lower Great Lakes by next weekend. By next Sunday,
differences in if and where or when a wave of low pressure will
develop on the front begin to emerge among the global models. The
00Z ECMWF was first to introduce a low pressure wave developing on
the front and then tracking toward the Great Lakes by next Sunday.
The 00Z CMC showed a less-defined indication of this wave while
the 06Z GFS only showed a slight indication. The 12Z GFS then
followed suit with a well-defined wave on the front by next Sunday
in better agreement with the 12Z ECMWF. The 12Z CMC was the least
enthusiastic regarding this low pressure wave.
Meanwhile, the next Pacific trough coming into the picture off the
West Coast by next Sun shows typical model spread given the
distant time frame. Representative of historical biases, latest
GFS runs remain on the fast side of the envelope while the 12Z
ECMWF was on the slow side. An intermediate solution appears
reasonable for handling this feature.
An even blend of the 00Z ECMWF and the 06Z GFS together with
increasing weights from their ensemble means were used to derived
the WPC pressure and wind grids as forecast hour increases. The
blend yielded excellent agreement with the previous WPC forecast
package.
...Sensible Weather and Hazards...
Expect some locally enhanced rain and high elevation snow to
continue with a very gradual lessening trend into late this week
over favored terrain from the central/northern West Coast to the
northern Rockies. Trailing shortwave energy will bring
rain/higher elevation snow into parts of the Great Basin/central
Rockies and vicinity from Fri into the weekend, with highest
totals expected over the central Rockies. Also during the weekend
moisture extending into the central U.S. should interact with a
stalled wavy surface front extending from the central Plains
through the northern Ohio Valley/Lower Great Lakes, leading to
increasing coverage and intensity of precipitation. Some snow may
be possible in the extreme northern periphery of the precip
shield. Ahead of the more progressive northern part of the
frontal system, an area of mostly light precip may brush the far
northern Great Lakes and portions of the Northeast late in the
week. Over Florida, easterly low level flow may promote periods
of mostly light rain.
The western and central U.S. will see a gradual cooling trend over
the course of the period as near to modestly below normal
temperatures replace initially above to much above normal
readings. Early in the period, the northern Plains into central
High Plains should see the most extreme warm anomalies on Wed with
some areas seeing highs 20-25F above normal while a broader area
of plus 10F or greater anomalies extends from the Plains into the
Southwest. Best potential for some daily records will extend from
the Southwest into the southern Rockies/High Plains mid-late week.
The eastern half of the country will see the reverse trend.
Locations from the Mid-Atlantic into the northeast should see
highs 10-15F or so below normal on Wed followed by above normal
temperatures spreading over a majority of the East. Best
potential for double-digit warm anomalies will be over the Midwest
into Ohio Valley/Great Lakes in the warm sector ahead of the front
that approaches/settles over the region.
Kong/Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml