Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
154 AM EST Mon Nov 16 2020
Valid 12Z Thu Nov 19 2020 - 12Z Mon Nov 23 2020
...Overview...
Late this week into the weekend expect flow aloft over much of the
lower 48 to be southwesterly, between Gulf of Mexico/Southeast
ridging and a positively tilted shortwave (likely consisting of
energy from multiple streams) that moves into the West. Meanwhile
Canadian surface low pressure will bring a front across the
northeastern quadrant of the country, with the front extending
into portions of the West. A significant portion of the front
should decelerate/stall for a time as it becomes more aligned with
the flow aloft. Continued progression of the western shortwave
from the weekend into early next week should promote wave
development along the surface front along with an area of enhanced
precipitation over parts of the central U.S. Meanwhile guidance
has increasingly diverged over the past day regarding details of
the eastern Pacific/western U.S. pattern by Sun-Mon. The one
positive is that even with these differences there is a more
common signal for precipitation emphasis over the Pacific
Northwest late in the period.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
Based on guidance through the 12Z/18Z cycles, an operational model
blend provided a reasonable representation of consensus and
continuity for about the first half of the period. As has been
the case in recent days, the overall shortwave moving into the
West still has at least a moderate amount of uncertainty due to it
likely consisting of multiple pieces of energy--favoring a blended
approach to the forecast. Continuing with the new 00Z run, the
ECMWF has tended to be among the more inconsistent models for
handling this energy in recent days.
Clustering quickly unravels during the weekend over the eastern
Pacific and western U.S. Over the past day GFS/GEFS mean runs
have made a pronounced adjustment toward flatter and faster
handling of trough energy that moves into the West, with the last
couple CMC runs also quite progressive. ECMWF/ECMWF mean runs
thus far have been consistently slower and more amplified with the
eastern Pacific trough. The 12Z CMC mean advertises a compromise
timing while the new 00Z UKMET through the end of its run late Sat
sides more with the ECMWF. Most D+8 multi-day mean charts
generally agree on a core of positive height anomalies near 40N
170W and associated teleconnections favor eastern Pacific
troughing more similar to the ECMWF/ECMWF mean. Latest GFS runs
are closer to 160W for that positive anomaly center but telecons
still favor more amplified West Coast troughing than what the
model is showing. These considerations favor leaning more in the
ECMWF/ECMWF mean direction for the latter half of the forecast,
with minority incorporation of the 12Z NAEFS mean (the benefit
being to include some of the CMC ensembles) to yield a modest
compromise. The new 00Z ECMWF trends a bit faster with its East
Pacific trough versus the prior run but still keeps the axis
offshore as of 12Z Mon and is actually close to where the GFS was
36 hours ago. Farther east there is better agreement in principle
with the Sun-Mon Great Lakes/New England wave and trailing cold
front though with some differences due to variation in evolution
of energy within the supporting upper trough.
...Sensible Weather and Hazards...
Shortwave progression from the eastern Pacific into the West late
this week will lead to a lighter trend for rain/high elevation
snow over the Pacific Northwest/northern Rockies and bring some
precipitation into the central Rockies. Then by the weekend the
shortwave will interact with the front draped over the central
U.S. into Lower Great Lakes, leading to an expansion of
precipitation and development of a wave along the front.
Currently the best potential for highest totals extends over and a
little south of the Midwest as well as into parts of the Great
Lakes. Expect mostly rain to the east of the Rockies, with modest
potential for a little snow in the northern fringe of the moisture
shield. Meanwhile precipitation should increase again over the
Pacific Northwest during the weekend/early next week. Orientation
of flow aloft is quite uncertain given the model and ensemble
spread so specifics of terrain enhancement and timing/coverage at
a particular point in time have low confidence. However there is
a more common signal for precip to be increasing in this time
frame.
Initially very warm temperatures from the Southwest/southern
Rockies through much of the Plains and into the Great Lakes on Thu
will moderate and push southeastward with time, especially from
the weekend into next week as the main frontal boundary over the
country accelerates. Some plus 15-20F or slightly higher
anomalies will be possible Thu and to a lesser extent Fri with
scattered daily records also a possibility from Arizona into the
southern Rockies and parts of the Plains. By next Mon above
normal readings should be confined to the eastern states. The
cooler air pushing into the western and central U.S. will likely
yield near to modestly below normal anomalies.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazards information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml