Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
152 PM EST Fri Dec 18 2020
Valid 12Z Mon Dec 21 2020 - 12Z Fri Dec 25 2020
...Heavy Northwest/northern Rockies precipitation to taper off
after early next week...
...Overview and Model Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
Progressive mean flow aloft early in the week will steadily
transition toward a more amplified regime that becomes dominated
by a large scale western upper ridge and eastern trough late next
week. This evolution will lead to some very noticeable
temperature changes, generally toward colder conditions. There is
reasonably good agreement and continuity for the overall pattern
forecast but some embedded uncertainties in the early-middle part
of the week in the western/central states and late in the week in
the East.
Trends in the Northeast were for a weaker or faster to weaken
system through the Great Lakes Mon to Tue, resulting in the
offshore initially weak frontal boundary to deepen into a robust
system over the Atlantic Canada. Off coastal Washington, guidance
has trended toward a more defined system pushing eastward along
the U.S.-Canadian border Mon-Tue into the Great Lakes Wednesday.
Thereafter, guidance has trended or continues to signal a
wrapped-up/multi-low pressure system over the Eastern states with
a track northward into the Northeast by next Fri (Christmas Day).
Amplitude of the upper pattern and evolution/relative strength of
the northern/southern stream components will determine how the
system evolves (one or more areas of low pressure) and where it
tracks (along or near the Appalachians or closer to the coast).
This will ultimately dictate the rain/snow line and other details
which are fuzzy at the moment. However, the amplified upstream
pattern certainly suggests the potential for a robust system.
A blend of the non-00Z Canadian guidance (through the 06Z cycle)
was utilized as a starting point which maintained good continuity
but with edited details on the systems noted above. By the latter
periods, Canadian fell back in line toward the larger cluster with
the 06Z GFS/00Z ECMWF and ensemble consensus with low pressure(s)
in the East. Expect shifts in the frontal configuration as those
shorter wavelength features have limited predictability much less
than 7 days out. Also by the end of the week, system in the
Pacific will move closer to the coast with an increase in moisture
to at least coastal WA/OR.
...Weather/Threats Summary...
The most prominent storm system next week will move into the
extreme northern parts of the West next Mon and then likely
continue across the northern Plains through Upper Great Lakes by
Tue-Wed. This system will produce locally moderate to heavy
coastal rain and mountain snow along favored terrain in the
Pacific Northwest and the northern Rockies early next week. This
storm may also produce areas of brisk to strong winds. Cold
cyclonic flow after the system's passage should produce areas of
snow to the lee of the Great Lakes. Some lighter rain/snow may
come ashore coastal WA/OR around next Friday.
As the southern portion of the front moves into the lower MS
Valley Wednesday, increased Gulf moisture will promote an
expanding area of rainfall across the Southeast. Some areas of
rainfall may be moderate to heavy, depending on the system
characteristics/dynamics/moisture influx. This area of
precipitation is forecast to lift northeastward late Thu into
Fri/Christmas with modest rainfall ahead of the cold front and
some snowfall to the west/northwest of the front/low(s). Amounts
may be modest/appreciable and the winter aspects have been
accordingly depicted probabilistically in our Winter Weather
Outlook. Cold air may arrive quickly enough to generate some snow
before the precipitation ends for some locations -- a white
Christmas remains possible for some areas that currently have no
snow cover.
Most of the country should see near to above normal temperatures
early next week. Expect the Plains to see the greatest anomalies,
plus 10-20F for highs and up to plus 20-25F for lows (the latter
in northern areas). As the storm system tracks across the
northern tier and into Canada while the upper pattern amplifies,
the above normal temperatures will moderate a bit as they head
into the East while moderately below normal readings spread into
the West and Plains. By late in the week a majority of the
eastern half of the country should see highs 5-15F below normal
while the northern High Plains should return to above normal and
the West moderates to a mix of above/below normal readings
(despite the upper ridging, due to local inversions/stable
conditions).
Fracasso/Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml