Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
158 AM EST Sat Jan 16 2021
Valid 12Z Tue Jan 19 2021 - 12Z Sat Jan 23 2021
***Heavy rainfall event likely for portions of the interior South
next week and strong upper low for the Desert Southwest***
...Weather Pattern Overview...
A strong impulse sinking southward along the West Coast Monday
night is expected to become a detached upper low southwest of
southern California. There will be some spokes of shortwave
energy that ejects eastward from this low across the southern tier
states, whilst the northern stream flow is more progressive.
Another trough will likely set in across the Pacific Northwest by
the end of the week and herald a pattern change for the western
U.S.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
The deterministic guidance is generally in good agreement on the
split flow pattern across the continental U.S. through
early-middle part of next week, and are strongly signaling an
anomalous cut-off low developing near southern California and the
adjacent offshore waters by Tuesday. The 00Z CMC maintains the
upper low the longest before becoming absorbed, whilst the 00Z
ECMWF is more progressive in ejecting the energy to the east, with
the GFS between these solutions. By the end of the forecast
period Saturday, the ECMWF is a bit more robust with the next
trough crossing the Great Lakes region, and slightly slower with
the arrival of the next trough along the West Coast. The WPC
fronts and pressures forecast was primarily derived from a
CMC/GFS/ECMWF blend through Wednesday night, and then transitioned
to roughly half ensemble means and half CMC/GFS/ECMWF for Thursday
through Saturday.
...Weather/Threats Highlights...
The main weather story next week will be the potential for a
multi-day heavy rainfall event, extending from eastern Texas to
interior portions of the Deep South, mainly during the
Wednesday-Thursday time period. A prolonged period of moist
southerly flow from the Gulf and Caribbean ahead of a slow moving
low pressure system over southern Texas, in combination with
moisture convergence along a quasi-stationary front, may result in
1 to 3 inches of rainfall for parts of this region and some
potential for flooding. There remains significant model
differences regarding the exact placement of the QPF axis and
magnitude, so changes in the forecast are quite likely closer to
the event. Meanwhile, there appears to be an increasing chance of
wintry precipitation spreading across the higher elevations of the
southern Rockies, and rain over the lower elevations of southern
Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. Moderate to heavy snow is
likely again for portions of the central and northern Rockies late
in the week as the next western trough arrives. By Thursday and
Friday, the chance for snow returns for portions of the Northeast
as the next storm system arrives.
In terms of temperatures, readings should be near to slightly
above normal for most areas to begin the week, and some 10-20
degree positive anomalies are possible across the northern Plains
by Wednesday ahead of the next front. By the end of the week,
there are some hints of an Arctic airmass affecting the
northwestern quadrant of the U.S., although the core of the Arctic
high should remain north of the Canadian border.
Hamrick
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml