Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
209 PM EST Sat Jan 16 2021
Valid 12Z Tue Jan 19 2021 - 12Z Sat Jan 23 2021
...Multi-day rain event for the southeastern U.S. next week, while
a strong upper low causes precipitation in the Desert Southwest...
...Weather Pattern Overview...
A potent upper low is forecast to detach from progressive northern
stream flow and sit near southern California Tue-Wed before
ejecting eastward Thu. Precipitation is expected for the Desert
Southwest with this pattern. Farther east, Gulf of Mexico moisture
overrunning frontal boundaries should lead to multiple days of
rain for the southeast quadrant of the CONUS. By the latter part
of the week, another upper trough will likely set into the Pacific
Northwest and create a pattern change for the West, with cool
temperatures and increasing precipitation chances.
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Deterministic guidance continues to show good agreement especially
through the first part of the period with the aforementioned upper
low cutting off near southern California/Pacific Ocean/far
northwestern Mexico, with some slight differences in depth and
centroid position at times. A multi-model deterministic blend was
able to be used for Tue-Wed for this system as well as rounds of
low amplitude troughing centered over the Great Lakes. By Thu,
some differences arise with how quickly the upper low energy
ejects eastward and becomes reabsorbed with the main flow. The 00Z
CMC was particularly slow with the feature and was not preferred
from Thu onward, but other deterministic models are not in total
agreement either. Then by Fri-Sat, while guidance is agreeable on
troughing dropping southward into the West, its timing and depth
remain in question. The 00Z ECMWF was weaker than its previous
runs, and GFS runs have varied in intensity as well but appear a
little faster than the EC. Toward the end of the week, increased
the weighting the 00Z EC and 06Z GEFS ensemble means to reduce
individual model influence, but left some incorporation of the 00Z
ECMWF and 06Z GFS.
...Weather/Threats Highlights...
Next week, the main concern weather-wise is with the potential for
a multi-day rainfall event across the southeastern portion of the
U.S, from the Southern Plains toward the Lower
Mississippi/Tennessee Valleys and Southeast. Gulf of Mexico and
Caribbean moisture will stream into the region and interact with a
slow-moving surface low near the Texas/Mexico border and its
associated quasi-stationary front, as well as another front
approaching southward from the Ohio Valley. This should lead to
rainfall totals of 1-3 inches around Wed-Fri. The current axis of
heaviest rain is forecast from the ArkLaTex into parts of the
Lower Mississippi Valley, but this is subject to change as model
spread still remains. Farther west, precipitation is forecast for
the Southwest ahead of the upper low, with wintry precipitation
forecast for higher elevations of the Southern Rockies and rain
over the lower elevations of southern Arizona and southwestern New
Mexico. As troughing comes into the West for the latter part of
next week, moderate to locally heavy snow is possible particularly
across higher elevations of the Rockies. Light wintry
precipitation is also possible for the Great Lakes and Northeast
toward Thu-Fri of next week.
In terms of temperatures, a period of milder than average
temperatures is forecast for the central U.S. around Wed-Thu, with
15-25 degree positive anomalies for northern portions of the
Plains. Then, temperatures across the western U.S. and across the
northern tier are expected to drop below normal by a few degrees
for Fri-Sat.
Tate
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml