Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
257 PM EDT Sun Apr 25 2021
Valid 12Z Wed Apr 28 2021 - 12Z Sun May 02 2021
...Heavy rain threat from the Southern Plains into the Middle
Mississippi Valley around midweek...
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment and Preferences...
At least in the 00Z/06Z cycles there was momentary agreement on
what was recently an emerging trend toward more progressive
northern stream flow amplifying into the Northeast (with
developing late week/weekend New England into Canadian Maritimes
low pressure) and corresponding slower trend for an upper low that
may drift from the U.S.-Mexico border into the far southern
Plains/Gulf Coast region. Aside from typical spread and
variability for forecasts several days out in time, guidance has
been more stable with the upstream pattern that features a strong
upper ridge building over the West after midweek followed by
weakening/progression of the ridge as a Pacific shortwave arrives
by next Sunday.
A composite of the 06Z GFS and 00Z ECMWF/CMC/UKMET depicted the
consensus for significant features in the updated forecast from
day 3 Wednesday into day 5 Friday. Given the expected location of
the southern upper low as of late week and recent trends for
northern stream flow, preference remained with the GFS/ECMWF/CMC
runs through next weekend in order to maintain reasonable
definition--with the understanding of persistent uncertainty as
seen in the ensemble spread. The operational model blend ended up
close to the ensemble means for the upper trough reaching the West
late in the period.
Perhaps not surprising given recent history, new 12Z guidance is
back to offering widely divergent solutions. The UKMET becomes
slow and deep with upper troughing that amplifies into the Upper
Midwest and Great Lakes as well as more progressive with the
southern tier upper low, returning to a phased solution for which
the GFS had been the last holdout before the 00Z run. The UKMET
also becomes quite flat and progressive with eastern Pacific
shortwave energy late in its run. The ECMWF has also jumped faster
with the southern tier low and by the end of the period uses later
northern stream energy to phase with the southern feature. On the
other hand the CMC has held onto an evolution close to the 00Z
CMC/ECMWF for most features while the GFS has nudged a little
faster for the southern tier upper low but is still a member of
the slower cluster.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
Early in the period the forecast is fairly consistent in depicting
a heavy rainfall event that should already be in progress as of
early Wednesday from parts of Texas and Oklahoma into the Middle
Mississippi Valley, as Gulf moisture interacts with a wavy surface
front initially extending from the Great Lakes into western Texas.
Slow movement of the wavy front around midweek could allow for
training of convection and an increased flood risk. Continue to
check Storm Prediction Center outlooks for the latest information
on severe weather potential. The ultimate evolution and
progression of this precipitation area after early Thursday is
still very uncertain in light of new guidance diverging once again
after models had reached a momentary consensus in the prior cycle.
There is still a wide range of possible outcomes, from locally
enhanced rainfall settling over Texas and the central Gulf Coast
region to faster progression and a drier trend over the Plains.
Either way some of the initial moisture should extend into parts
of the Great Lakes/Ohio Valley and Northeast with some meaningful
totals possible.
Most of the Northwest will be dry Wednesday-Thursday as the best
flow of moisture focuses on western British Columbia/Vancouver
island, with light amounts of precipitation possibly extending
into the Olympics and vicinity. The approach/arrival of the
Pacific shortwave and leading front will spread mostly light to
moderate precipitation from the Pacific Northwest into northern
Rockies late this week into the weekend.
The strong upper ridge building into the West after midweek will
bring a brief period of much above normal temperatures to the
region. Parts of northern California and Oregon may see highs
reach 10-20F above normal already on Wednesday and a majority of
the West should see such anomalies (with localized readings 20-25F
above normal possible) from Thursday into Saturday. Some locations
may reach daily records for highs/warm lows. The approaching
Pacific trough aloft and leading cold front will bring a
pronounced cooling trend from the Pacific Northwest
eastward/southward by next weekend, possibly bringing highs down
to slightly below normal over northern areas by Sunday. The
western warmth will extend into the northern half of so of the
Plains by Friday-Saturday with highs 10-20F or so above normal,
and sagging into the Midwest/central Plains on Sunday as a front
approaches. Farther south, the upper low forecast to drift near
the U.S.-Mexico border will lead to cool daytime highs of 10-20F
below normal for one or more days over parts of the southern
Rockies/High Plains. Expect above to well above normal
temperatures from Wednesday into early Friday ahead of a wavy
front from the Northeast/Great Lakes into southern High Plains
early Wednesday and pushing southeastward through late week.
Warmest anomalies of plus 10-20F for highs, and perhaps locally a
bit higher for morning lows, should extend from the southern
Midwest through the Lower Great Lakes/Ohio Valley and
Mid-Atlantic. Frontal passage will likely bring near to slightly
below normal temperatures over the East into the weekend.
Rausch/Santorelli
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml