Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
254 AM EDT Tue May 11 2021
Valid 12Z Fri May 14 2021 - 12Z Tue May 18 2021
...Overview...
The best clustering of guidance shows an evolution toward some
degree of mean troughing over the West while mean ridging
progresses across the central U.S. into the East behind a broad
upper trough that departs from the East Coast this weekend. There
is a small minority that trends out of phase with this idea by
late in the period though. As the most likely pattern develops,
expect a gradual increase in coverage and intensity of rainfall
over the central U.S. with time. Some rain/thunderstorms could
eventually extend into parts of the East while parts of the
Rockies may see some precipitation as well. Contrasting
temperature anomalies late this week with warmth over the West and
cooler than normal readings to the east of the Rockies should
generally moderate with time, leaving many areas fairly close to
normal by early next week.
...Guidance Evaluation and Preferences...
Aside from the more open UKMET, 12Z/18Z guidance was showing
decent agreement with forming an upper low over/near California
from the shortwave energy nearing the West Coast as of early
Friday. The upper low would then eject into the southern Rockies
or High Plains by early next Tuesday. However there has been a
fairly wide spread for what becomes of separate northern stream
shortwave energy. New 00Z runs decrease confidence in specifics
with the UKMET holding onto an open trough and the new ECMWF
changing to a more open shortwave as well. As was seen 24 hours
ago, significant divergences develop for the large scale pattern
by late in the period. Although the GFS appears to have fixed
some of its prior issues with its western/northern Pacific
forecast, by the latter half of the period it still becomes slower
and more amplified with flow from the eastern Pacific into North
America. This leads the GFS to show a ridge over the West by
early next week while developing a fairly deep closed low over or
near the Great Lakes. In contrast most remaining guidance shows
some degree of cyclonic flow arriving into the Northwest U.S.
while above normal heights/ridging prevail over the East. Latest
GEFS means reflect a compromise, being a little slower than the
ECMWF/CMC and their means with troughing that heads toward the
Northwest while depicting only a shortwave reaching the Great
Lakes and vicinity. Most D+8 multi-day means have recently been
signaling a trough-ridge pattern, so preference continues to trend
the initial operational model blend more toward the ECMWF/CMC and
the ECMWF mean/GEFS mean by the latter half of the period.
...Weather Highlights/Hazards...
Expect central U.S. rainfall to focus initially over parts of the
Central Plains and Midwest ahead of a wavy warm front. With time,
rain and thunderstorms should expand southward and become heavier
as return flow behind eastern U.S. high pressure brings in more
Gulf moisture and western U.S. shortwave energy/possible upper low
approaches the Plains. Some of the activity over the Midwest
could eventually reach east-southeast into the eastern states as
the focusing warm front extends farther eastward. There may be
some enhancement of precipitation near the central Rockies/High
Plains late in the period depending on the evolution of the
feature emerging from the West. In most cases any precipitation
to the west of the Rockies should be fairly light and scattered.
Meanwhile the upper trough moving through the East late this week
into the weekend should promote areas of mostly light rainfall
from the Appalachians into the Northeast.
Well above normal temperatures centered over the Great Basin and
vicinity will extend into Friday with plus 10-20F anomalies for
highs. Then an upper trough/potential closed low should promote a
cooling trend over the southern half or so of the West, with parts
of the far southwestern U.S. possibly seeing a day or two with
slightly below normal highs. A trailing upper ridge may promote a
brief rebound over the Interior Northwest on Sunday followed by
cooling trend and southward suppression of remaining above normal
readings as cyclonic flow aloft approaches/arrives. Note that a
minority scenario could have a stronger ridge persisting over the
West with warmer temperatures. Over the eastern half of the
country expect below normal temperatures to prevail over many
areas late this week. Locations near the southeastern coast could
see highs up to 10F or so below normal on Friday. Then a
moderating trend will likely yield near normal highs and slightly
above normal lows over the eastern half of the lower 48 by early
next week.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml