Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
257 AM EDT Sat Aug 21 2021
Valid 12Z Tue Aug 24 2021 - 12Z Sat Aug 28 2021
...Dangerous Henri to affect New England into early next week...
...Overview...
The 03Z National Hurricane Center advisory for Henri shows the
system strengthening to hurricane status in the coming hours as it
tracks toward New England and arrives on Sunday--bringing heavy
rainfall and flooding threats along with strong winds and waves.
By the time the medium range period starts early Tuesday, Henri is
likely to be much weaker and in post-tropical form as it begins to
track away from New England. Refer to the latest NHC products for
further information on Henri. Meanwhile guidance continues to
depict a typical late-summer pattern as southern Canada/northern
U.S. flow aloft pushes along rainfall-focusing waves/fronts across
the northern half of the lower 48 and mean ridging aloft prevails
farther south, likely expanding westward into the Southwest with
time. Strong western Atlantic ridging that is partially
responsible for Henri's rather unusual northward track will
meander in place between Nova Scotia and Bermuda as the remnants
of Henri continue around its northern periphery.
...Guidance Evaluation and Preferences...
Latest guidance agrees upon the upper system associated with Henri
opening up by early Tuesday and lifting northeastward thereafter.
Latest GFS runs stray a bit to the faster side of the spread
though, even compared to the GEFS mean. Varying degrees of
uncertainty continue for features carried along by Northeast
Pacific through southern Canada/northern CONUS flow. Over the
past day solutions have displayed some improved clustering for the
evolution of the upper system tracking north of Montana/North
Dakota on Tuesday and reaching north of the Great Lakes by
Thursday. However by day 7 Saturday GFS runs become
fast/amplified with the trough that reaches the Canadian Maritimes
so that model may be quick with its high pressure that builds into
New England. Farther west the models and individual ensemble
members still suggest a fair amount of uncertainty with shortwave
details from the Pacific into western North America. Over the
past day or so there has been a moderately faster trend for the
overall trough that crosses the Northwest during the latter half
of the week and brings height falls into the northern Plains. In
the 12Z cycle the CMC became somewhat amplified with the upper
trough late in the period though its surface pattern compared
reasonably to consensus. The ECMWF became rather slow and sharp,
and while the new 00Z run adjusted a bit faster it is still on the
slow/sharp side. The new 00Z CMC looks more like the means. The
00Z GFS continues recent tendencies to be a little fast with
leading height falls but recent trends allow for that scenario to
be possible.
A composite of 12Z/18Z model runs represented the most common
themes of guidance for significant features during the first half
of the period. The increasing divergence of operational model
details beyond early Thursday continues to favor a rapid increase
of 18Z GEFS/12Z ECMWF mean input later in the period, reaching 70
percent total by day 7 Saturday.
...Sensible Weather/Hazard Highlights...
Expect Henri's threats for high winds/waves along with some bands
of heavy rainfall over and near New England (with some terrain
enhancement possible) to be mainly in the short range period from
this weekend into Monday. Henri will likely be weaker and in
post-tropical form as the system progresses east-northeastward
away from New England Tuesday onward. Surface waves/fronts
crossing the northern U.S. and southern Canada will interact with
leading moisture and instability to produce episodes of showers
and thunderstorms that could be locally heavy. Over the past day
the guidance has been fairly consistent in highlighting the best
potential for highest five-day totals over and near the Upper
Mississippi Valley and Midwest. This region will see an early
frontal passage, followed by the front stalling to the south
(Mid-Mississippi Valley) and then lifting back north as a warm
front ahead of another system emerging into the Plains. Central
and southern parts of the East may see areas of diurnally-favored
convection within a humid and warm to hot airmass. Upper level
energy from a combination of the tail end of the initial East
Coast trough and what tracks underneath the western Atlantic ridge
may enhance convection over parts of the Southeast and southern
Mid-Atlantic. Specific details of this energy have low
predictability though.
Through midweek very warm to hot temperatures will prevail from
the central-southern Plains through much of the East. The axis of
warmest anomalies should be from the central Plains/Midwest into
the Northeast with some readings 10-15F above normal, and more
coverage of such anomalies for morning lows versus daytime highs.
Some daily records for warm lows may be challenged even away from
the areas with highest anomalies. Expect highs to moderate after
midweek but very warm lows are likely to persist over many areas
through the end of the week. A cold front should bring cooler
weather to the Northeast by the start of the weekend. The highest
heat index values during the period should be through midweek over
the Mid/Lower Mississippi Valley and along the Gulf Coast where
max values may locally exceed 110F. Westward expansion of upper
ridging will promote increasing coverage of highs 5-10F above
normal over southern parts of the West and then across much of
California later in the week. Some of this heat may reach western
Oregon by next Saturday. The Northern Plains region will be
consistently cool during the period with some highs up to 10-15F
below normal, mainly during Tuesday-Thursday.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml