Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
200 PM EST Sun Dec 12 2021
Valid 12Z Wed Dec 15 2021 - 12Z Sun Dec 19 2021
...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...
Guidance clustering and forecast spread/predictability through
medium range remains better than normal for the majority of the
synoptic systems of concern. Nevertheless, the CMC and CMC mean
have been taking the next Pacific system on a track farther north
toward the Pacific Northwest than the GFS and the more recent
ECMWF runs. The most recent (12Z) GFS and the ECMWF runs nudged
the low track farther north though. By next weekend, models show
some spread on how amplified the upper trough associated with this
system will get as it dips near the southwestern border of the
U.S. Meanwhile, models are showing better agreement/definition on
a frontal wave to develop quickly near/south of the Great Lakes
next weekend and then track rapidly during next weekend.
The WPC medium range forecast products were based on a blend of
40% from the 06Z GFS/GEFS, 40% from the 00Z ECMWF/EC mean and 20%
from the 00Z CMC/CMC mean, with more weights toward the ensemble
mean starting on Day 6. This blend yielded a solution quite
compatible with the previous WPC forecast package and seems well
supported by GEFS/NAEFS/ECMWF ensembles.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
A vigorous upper trough will lift northeastward from the Southwest
midweek, bringing widespread mountain snow/rain through the Great
Basin and northern/central Rockies. As the system lifts through
the Plains Wed-Thu, rapid cyclogenesis across the north-central
U.S. will lead to an expansive area of strong winds, together with
a swath of rain/snow through the north side of the low track from
the northern Plains and upper Midwest to the upper Great Lakes.
Ahead of the deep cyclone, an upper ridge will build over the
central U.S. where anomalous warmth will be most pronounced
midweek with record high temperatures upwards to 30-40F above
normal. Modest lead rains that should fall on top of recent upper
Midwest snows together with the record warmth could lead to
flooding issues on Wednesday. Anomalous warmth ahead of the cold
front, with positive anomalies upwards to 15-25F, will reach the
East late week. The trailing portion of the front will likely
stall across the Deep South late this week, with an axis of
enhanced rainfall forecast to set up from the southern Plains
through the Mid-South/OH Valley. A frontal wave developing
near/south of the Great Lakes by next weekend should bring a swath
of wintry precipitation most likely across northern New England.
Meanwhile, the rainfall axis across the South will tend to push
southward toward the Gulf Coast region during the weekend as a
high pressure system builds across the Plains toward the East
Coast.
Upstream on the heels of the aforementioned lead storm, another
moisture surge accompanied with moderate to heavy precipitation is
forecast to reach northern California and Oregon Wed/Thu ahead of
the next Pacific system despite some uncertainty with the low
track. Models show general agreement that this system will
gradually weaken as it gradually dips into southern California by
Friday. By next weekend, guidance signal is also growing that
moisture from yet another Pacific system will modestly impact the
Pacific Northwest.
Kong/Schichtel
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, winter weather outlook probabilities
and heat indices are at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml