Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
253 AM EDT Mon Mar 21 2022
Valid 12Z Thu Mar 24 2022 - 12Z Mon Mar 28 2022
...Overview...
An amplified upper level pattern will be present during the medium
range period as an elongated upper low over the Mid-Mississippi
Valley to Upper Great Lakes Thursday lifts out but additional
energy comes in to maintain troughing across the East through
early next week. Meanwhile farther west, mean ridging (though
initially disrupted on the northern side by a shortwave) will be
present over the West and cause potentially record warmth late
week, then gradually move eastward ahead of an incoming trough
from the Pacific to the West Coast. This pattern should promote
generally dry conditions across the country aside from some East
Coast precipitation exiting Thursday-Friday, some clipper systems
in the Great Lakes region, and increasing precipitation chances in
the West by the beginning of next week with the trough's approach.
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
Model agreement for the 12/18Z yesterday cycle is fairly good
through the latter part of the week, with good consensus for a
closed upper low lingering into Thursday in the east-central U.S.
and a surface low in the Great Lakes region. Guidance has
continued a trend toward slightly faster movement of the low's
associated cold front across the Southeast/Florida but perhaps
slower farther north with the occluded part of the cyclone,
leading to a slight increase in precipitation in the Northeast
with this cycle. There was good consensus in the 12/18Z guidance
for another surface low to develop near the New England coast by
Friday morning perhaps as a combination of the triple point low
from the original cyclone and a weak low tracking north along the
coast, but newer 00Z guidance is not so agreeable, though the 00Z
EC in particular still indicates a similar surface low. This
indicates the spread still remaining in the timing and orientation
of the trough as it lifts out Friday. But this as well as
additional energy incoming by Saturday show at least a similar
pattern with typical medium range differences in the details. Thus
the early part of the WPC forecast was based on a blend of the 12Z
ECMWF, CMC, and UKMET and 18Z GFS, with the blend tending to
smooth out the smaller model variations.
Meanwhile in the West, guidance agrees that a ridge in the
Southwest will be initially suppressed in the Northwest Thursday
as a shortwave tracks through. After that, ridging should continue
to amplify over the weekend across the Intermountain West and
Rockies, with GEFS members generally on the more amplified side,
with the operational CMC one of the less amplified models. This is
also related to greater differences with the upstream trough
coming in from the East Pacific. Timing differences abound with
the trough, along with differences with a possible southern stream
low developing as flow splits, with some guidance more phased than
others at times. For the WPC forecast, tended toward the trough
axis of the ECMWF mean and EC operational run. This appeared to be
a middle ground between the slower GFS/GEFS (though the 18Z and
00Z GFS runs were faster than the 12Z) and the faster CMC mean.
However, varying ensemble members and run to run model differences
indicate that further changes are likely to the forecast in this
area.
...Weather Highlights/Threats...
An occluded low pressure system will be in place over the Upper
Great Lakes early Thursday, with lingering light precipitation
there but with heavier amounts possible along its associated cold
front near the East Coast. Mainly rain is expected, but snow is
forecast for northern New England, which could linger on Friday in
Maine near a developing coastal low. Shortwave energy and weak low
pressure/frontal systems could lead to light precipitation
spreading from the northern Rockies/Plains Thursday into the Great
Lakes region to the central/northern Appalachians and Northeast
late week into the weekend. Light precipitation in the Pacific
Northwest is possible through the latter part of the week, but
precipitation chances should increase and spread inland across the
West by around Sunday, but with some differences in timing and
magnitudes at this point.
Warm temperatures will build and expand underneath upper ridging
from the western U.S. into the Plains. Highs are forecast to be
around 10-20F above normal for California and the Central Great
Basin/Southwest Thursday and Friday, with 20+ anomalies building
in the Great Basin Saturday and shifting to the northern/central
High Plains early next week as the ridge axis shifts. Daily record
temperatures could be tied or set across California and eastward.
Meanwhile, cooler air underneath the upper trough/low in the
central U.S. should moderate as it moves eastward, with
temperatures generally 10F or less below normal. However,
additional cold fronts and upper energy will bring below normal
temperatures to parts of the eastern third of the U.S. by Sunday,
with the Great Lakes seeing 10-15F below normal highs.
Tate
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml