Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
256 AM EDT Sun Apr 03 2022
Valid 12Z Wed Apr 06 2022 - 12Z Sun Apr 10 2022
...Overview...
The lower 48 will see an amplified upper pattern during the
period. During the mid to late week time frame the dominant
features will be a deep east-central U.S. trough anchored by an
Upper Midwest into Great Lakes low, and a western U.S. ridge. The
upper low/trough and associated surface evolution will produce a
broad area of precipitation across the northern Plains and eastern
half of the country (with some pockets of locally heavy totals
possible) while the western ridge will support much above normal
temperatures, including potential for some record highs/warm lows
over California and vicinity. By the weekend expect a Pacific
trough to move into the West, leading to a cooling trend and some
precipitation, while progression of the eastern trough to East
Coast should favor drier weather over the East.
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
A blend of 12Z/18Z operational models followed by a transition to
the 18Z GFS/GEFS mean and 12Z ECMWF provided a reasonable
depiction of consensus ideas through the period along with fairly
good continuity. The ECMWF mean was comparable to the GEFS mean
but was not available for including in the blend due to a local
data issue. For the wave forecast to be over/near the
Mid-Atlantic early Wednesday, consensus through the 18Z cycle was
consistent with a number of previous runs but new 00Z runs
actually seem to enlarge the spread. The new UKMET/CMC actually
show a track into the Upper Ohio Valley before the CMC develops a
separate wave that tracks offshore like the 12Z ECMWF and faster
GFS. Upstream the guidance had stabilized/converged for the
northern tier upper low and surrounding trough, plus the triple
point coastal wave, though by late week into the weekend some
uncertainty develops over whether the upper low may open up and
how much southwestward elongation of the trough may occur. The
00Z UKMET is quickest to open up the low, ultimately leading to a
fast progression of the Thursday-Friday coastal wave. GFS runs
have been on the amplified side with the southwestern part of the
trough but the new 00Z run has toned down that trait somewhat.
The new 00Z ECMWF is consistent with its prior run. For the upper
trough moving into the West by the weekend, the CMC continues to
run on the fast/deep side of the spread so it has not been
included in the forecast blend. GFS runs have been a little
inconsistent with potential flow separation. Overall the 18Z run
was closest to the similar and consistent GEFS/ECMWF means while
the 00Z run has adjusted faster and flatter with its northern
stream. Detail differences among model runs and ensemble members
continue to suggest lower predictability for this overall trough
versus the ridge/trough configuration farther east.
...Weather Highlights/Threats...
The deep-layer low tracking over the Upper Midwest into Great
Lakes, along with a leading triple point wave that may become the
primary system by the end of the week--plus the trailing cold
front--should support multiple areas of enhanced precipitation
mid-late week. Specifics for heaviest totals are still fairly
uncertain though. One area of focus may be for some combination
of rain and/or snow over or a little west/south of Lake Superior,
just north of the parent low's track. Meanwhile the wave expected
to track from the Mid-Atlantic northeastward may produce some
locally moderate to heavy rainfall. Far interior sections of New
England may see some wintry weather on the leading side of the
moisture. More localized pockets of enhanced rainfall are
possible farther south along the trailing cold front. The Storm
Prediction Center is monitoring potential for severe threats
across the southern tier. Check their latest outlooks for more
information. Expect lingering showery precipitation, possibly
including some snow from the Midwest into the Appalachians, under
the cold upper trough into Saturday. The upper trough pushing
into the West by the weekend should bring mostly light to moderate
rain and high elevation snow into the Northwest starting Friday or
Saturday.
The upper ridge building into the West will spread a broad area of
well above normal temperatures across the region mid-late week.
Highest temperatures will likely be on Thursday-Friday when parts
of California and Oregon into the Great Basin could see readings
15-25F above normal. Some daily records for highs/warm lows will
be possible. The upper trough arriving from the Pacific will
bring a rapid cooling trend during the weekend, with much of the
West seeing near to below normal highs by Sunday. Farther east,
highs generally 5-15F or so below normal will progress from the
northern Plains/northern-central Rockies into the East during
Wednesday-Saturday under the deep upper trough. Expect
temperatures to moderate noticeably by next Sunday. Flow ahead of
the upper trough will bring a couple days of above normal readings
(especially for morning lows) to the East around
Wednesday-Thursday.
Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml