Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
300 PM EDT Wed May 18 2022
Valid 12Z Sat May 21 2022 - 12Z Wed May 25 2022
...Record Heat to abate over the South-Central U.S., shifting to
the Appalachians/Mid-Atlantic/Northeast this weekend...
...Heavy Rainfall and Severe Weather threat for the East-Central
U.S. this weekend to redirect over the South-Central U.S. early
next week...
...Overview...
An amplified weekend upper flow pattern will be highlighted by a
trough over the West/north-central U.S. and strong ridging in the
East. This yields cooler temperatures across the Rockies and
central U.S. and record heat shifting from the south-central U.S.
to the East this weekend. A strong cold front across the Midwest
and East this weekend will result in increased chances for heavy
rainfall and severe weather along and ahead of it. A northward
surge of tropical moisture will also increase rain/thunderstorm
chances across Florida this weekend. Troughing back into the West
Sunday/Monday should dig into the south-central U.S. early next
week as upper ridging builds into the Southwest and Florida and
flatter flow rides overtop over the northern tier of the lower 48.
...Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
The WPC medium range product suite was primarily derived from a
composite blend of reasonably well clustered guidance for the
weekend in a pattern with average to above average predictability
beyond smaller scale details. Model system timing/amplitude
differences become more problematic through early-mid next week
with the ECMWF tracking closest to the compatible GEFS/ECMWF
ensemble means. The most significant WPC product continuity change
into early next week was to promote a more organized and southward
shifted heavy QPF threat focus over the southern Plains and lower
MS Valley due to the signal for a now more likely development of
supporting upper troughing and surface system development in a
moist and unstable environment. The resultant WPC QPF is heavier
than NBM 4.0.
...Weather/Threat Highlights...
The relentless heat across the Southern Plains/Lower Mississippi
Valley should finally break by this weekend though record heat
continues into Saturday across the East. Numerous daily records
could be met or exceeded on Saturday across the Appalachians,
Mid-Atlantic, and Northeast with a few lingering records across
far southern regions in Texas/Louisiana. A strong cold front will
spread rain and thunderstorms through the Mississippi Valley/Ohio
Valley on Saturday and into the East on Sunday. Heavy rainfall as
well as severe weather is possible along this boundary given above
normal moisture and instability present. Flooding and flash
flooding could be an issue as well, particularly in places that
may be sensitive to additional rainfall given wet antecedent
conditions. Lead southern stream impulse energy may also focus
heavy rainfall areas across parts of the South, especially the
Gulf Coast, as tropical moisture surging northward allows for
heavy rainfall across the Florida Peninsula this weekend. To the
west, unseasonably cool temperatures will move from the Rockies
into the north-central U.S., lowering snow levels across the
Rockies Saturday and Sunday. The next system digging into the
south-central U.S. into next week has become increasingly likely
to re-kindle widespread convection/rainfall across the
south-central U.S. as the guidance signal has improved at these
longer time frames, albeit still highly dependent on flow details
and convective interactions. The Northwest should remain fairly
dry, though with some light precipitation accompanying frontal
boundaries. The southern half of the West should see a slight
warming trend expand from west to east Monday through Wednesday
while mean troughing keeps tempeartures near or cooler than normal
east of the Rockies.
Schichtel/Santorelli
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml