Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
327 PM EDT Thu Jun 02 2022
Valid 12Z Sun Jun 05 2022 - 12Z Thu Jun 09 2022
...Overview...
As the medium range period begins Sunday, a tropical disturbance,
for which the National Hurricane Center shows a high chance of
development, should be east of the Florida Peninsula and pulling
away from the U.S., but with some showers and storms possibly
lingering over Florida and potentially up the Southeast coast
depending on how close the low tracks to land. Meanwhile farther
north, the lower 48 should see a fairly zonal pattern, but with
shortwaves and surface frontal boundaries providing foci for
thunderstorms and potential for heavy rainfall over much of the
central U.S. and possibly into the East.
...Model Guidance Evaluation/Preferences...
Deterministic model guidance is split on the location of the
tropical system in the western Atlantic by Sunday morning with the
00z EC/CMC producing a low that is closer to the Florida coast
than the 06z GFS and 00z UKMET which have a more progressive
track. The EC suite has gradually weakened the attendant low over
its past few runs while the GFS suite has remained fairly
consistent.
Besides small scale differences with respect to the evolution of a
few shortwaves, the general trend over much of the lower 48 is for
relatively zonal flow to dominate through much of the medium range
period before a more amplified pattern develops late next week.
The latest 12z EC/GFS have trended weaker with the bit of embedded
shortwave energy forecast to propagate through the Middle
Mississippi Valley on Sunday while the 12z UKMET is stronger with
that piece of energy. The weaker trend continues with the
shortwave as it moves into the Ohio Valley and Northeast on
Monday, while the 12z GEFS actually trends deeper with the
evolving shortwave. The 00z EC, 06z GFS and ensemble means tend to
agree on the zonal pattern across much of the northern and central
tier of the country on Tuesday. There are some timing and
intensity differences with the arrival of a mean upper trough as
it rotates through the Rockies and Plains next Wednesday, but the
00z EC and 06z GFS continue to agree on the timing of another
shortwave over parts of the Mid-South. There's general model
consensus on a ridge building over the West as a trough moves
through the eastern half of the country next Thursday. A blend of
the 00z EC/CMC and lesser amounts of the 00z UK and 06z GFS were
favored for day 3. For day 4 the 00z EC, 06z GFS and some ensemble
means were incorporated into a blend. 00z ECE/CMCE and 06z GEFS
ensembles accounted for the majority of blender weighting through
the rest of the period with some 06z GFS and 00z EC sprinkled in
alternatingly throuh day 7.
...Sensible Weather/Threat Highlights...
Though the bulk of the effects of the tropical disturbance will be
in the short range period, some showers and storms could be
present across Florida with lingering moisture and possibly reach
the Southeast coast. Continued convergence across South Florida
and the Keys could promote additional rain and thunderstorms there
through at least the first half of next week, but scattered in
nature. Meanwhile a weak to moderate atmospheric river this
weekend aimed at the Northwest U.S. will increase precipitation
chances there. This should be mainly rain as snow levels are
forecast to be high, with chances for snow only in the highest
peaks of the Cascades and northern Rockies. Parts of the central
U.S. can likely expect the most impactful rain, however.
Meandering frontal boundaries will provide areas of focus for
enhanced rainfall with convection in a pattern with plenty of
moisture. This looks to be most likely across northern/central
parts of the Plains and into the Middle Mississippi Valley and
possibly the Lower Ohio Valley. But unfortunately, models are
quite variable with the placement of heavy rainfall beyond that,
as the axes of enhanced rain will be highly dependent on where
individual boundaries set up. The ingredients are certainly in
place for heavy rainfall that could cause flash flooding, but the
details of areas with the greatest threat could take into the
short range to resolve, so held off on adding any Slight Risks to
the experimental Day 4-5 Excessive Rainfall Outlook for now as
they would almost certainly have to move around. Additionally,
models have trended heavier with rainfall moving into the
Northeast around Monday-Tuesday ahead of a cold front.
Expect the general pattern for temperatures next week to be cooler
than average in the northern tier and warmer than average in the
southern tier. The northern Plains in particular could see highs
10-20F and lows around 10F below average with periods of troughing
aloft. Meanwhile, much of the southern tier is forecast to see
above normal temperatures by around 5-10F but reaching +15F
anomalies in Texas for the first half of next week given an upper
high aloft. The West Coast should be a bit cooler than normal over
the weekend under the troughing influence, but moderating and
warming to above normal in California and into the Great Basin and
Southwest by around midweek.
Tate/Kebede
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml