Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
136 AM EDT Wed Jun 29 2022
Valid 12Z Sat Jul 02 2022 - 12Z Wed Jul 06 2022
...Overview...
Guidance agrees fairly well on the large scale pattern, featuring
a Rex block configuration with ridging over northwest Canada and
an upper low anchoring a mean trough off the West Coast.
Meanwhile, a broad mean trough over eastern Canada will extend
into the northeastern U.S., while southern tier U.S. ridging holds
strong and also builds into the Rockies and northern Plains. The
eastern North America mean trough will support one or more
rainfall-focusing frontal systems to the east of the Rockies while
the trough near the West Coast will keep nearby temperatures on
the cool side and occasionally bring unsettled weather to the
Northwest. The National Hurricane Center is monitoring a broad
area of low pressure over the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, with
flow around the southern tier upper ridge possibly bringing this
feature and its moisture into the western Gulf Coast region.
Expect hot temperatures to expand over the central U.S. during the
first half of next week as the Plains ridge aloft becomes more
pronounced.
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
The latest models and ensembles continue to show very good
consensus on the large scale pattern, though with some lingering
uncertainties in the details, which may take until the short range
period to resolve. This includes individual shortwaves within the
Canadian trough whose influence affects frontal positions east of
the Rockies, as well as the details of the upper trough near the
West Coast. In the West, models suggest some interaction/merging
of an initial low off the Pacific Northwest with a compact low
dropping south out of the Gulf of Alaska. This should act to
reinforce the upper trough through the period, with a slight
west-northwest drift of its main axis. By early next week,
shortwave energy rounding the base of the trough should eject into
the Northwest, but there are some timing differences with this
which has implications for QPF across the northern Rockies/high
Plains late period. For the northwestern Gulf feature, latest
model runs have backed off slightly and mostly don't show much of
a surface or upper level reflection by the start of the medium
range period. The ECMWF is the most pronounced with this feature,
although hesitate to call it an outlier because given the tropical
nature of this feature, its not out of the realm of possibilities.
Regardless, uncertainty is low at best for both persistence of
this feature and exactly where it will track.
The WPC forecast for the overnight package used a blend of the
operational deterministic models for days 3-5 with more inclusion
of the ensemble means days 6-7 (up to 50 percent) to try to
mitigate the differences seen with the Western U.S. trough. This
maintains good continuity with the previous WPC forecast as well.
...Sensible Weather and Potential Hazards...
Moisture associated with a tropical feature into the West Gulf
region may enhance rainfall across parts of the lower Mississippi
Valley and into the Deep South, though very uncertain on both QPF
amounts and impacts. See the latest from the National Hurricane
Center on this. Showers and storms may also linger farther east
into the Southeast into this weekend with the presence of a
weakening boundary and impulses moving through the flow aloft.
Farther north, a front initially oriented from the Great Lakes
into the Midwest will push gradually southeastward and support
organized areas of showers and storms along and ahead of it. Some
rainfall may be heavy from the central Plains into the
Mid-Atlantic and southern New England, with deceleration of the
front later in the weekend helping to maintain the potential for
some locally significant totals. Possible interaction with
southern tier moisture is yet another factor that will require
monitoring. Monsoonal moisture over the Four Corners region may
promote scattered areas of heavier rainfall with impulses and
moisture lifting northward between upper ridging to the east and
the trough near the West Coast. This West Coast trough may produce
periods of rainfall over parts of the Northwest and there is a
signal for increasing rainfall near the Canadian border around
early next week as some energy ejects from the trough.
Moisture/convection could also extend across the northern
Plains/Upper Midwest by next Monday-Tuesday ahead of a High Plains
wave and leading warm front with eventually may stall across the
region by Tuesday into Wednesday. Rainfall may return to parts of
the Northeast by next Tuesday as well associated with a weak area
of low pressure near the coast.
The greatest concern for temperatures during the medium range
period will be with heat likely to build again across the central
and northern Plains by early next week in response to an upper
level ridge. Highs around 10 to 15 degrees above normal is
possible for parts of the north-central Plains, equating to
temperatures in the mid to upper 90s. Southern Plains locations
will see slightly hotter conditions as well but with less extreme
anomalies. Out West, below normal highs will spread gradually
inland from the West Coast due to nearby upper troughing with a
few locations with highs 10-15F below normal around Sunday-Monday.
In the East, a lingering frontal boundary should keep both daytime
highs and overnight lows near normal through most of the period.
Santorelli/Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml