Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
209 PM EDT Mon Jul 11 2022
Valid 12Z Thu Jul 14 2022 - 12Z Mon Jul 18 2022
...Multi-day Excessive rainfall threat for the central Gulf Coast
states...
18Z Update: The 12Z model guidance suite maintains above average
synoptic scale agreement across the majority of the nation through
the end of the week, with the main exception to this being across
the Gulf Coast region where a col in the ridge axis will exist. A
weak mid-upper level trough along with an accompanying surface
trough and potential low will meander over the northern Gulf in an
environment of extremely weak steering flow aloft. It does appear
the UKMET is on the western edge of the consensus with the main
trough axis, so more weighting towards the GFS/ECMWF/CMC in the
forecast process was applied. Regardless of any potential
tropical cyclone evolution, the prospects for heavy rain from
southern Louisiana to the Florida Panhandle remain elevated, and
thus the reasoning for the Slight Risk areas in the experimental
Day 4 and Day 5 excessive rainfall outlook. Elsewhere, the GFS is
slightly more amplified with the trough/front crossing the Upper
Midwest and Great Lakes region this weekend, but still within the
ensemble spread and considered a plausible solution. By the end
of the forecast period next Monday, the CMC is a bit slower and
more amplified with the trough reaching the West Coast. About
half of the GEFS/ECENS and half of the CMC/ECMWF/GFS was used for
the Sunday-Monday time period. The previous forecast discussion
follows below for reference. /Hamrick
-----------------------------------
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
A significant area of uncertainty in the medium range period
remains along the central Gulf Coast, where there has been
increasing agreement that some sort of upper level energy will get
left behind by an upper trough shifting east at the end of the
short range, but the evolution of that is in question towards next
weekend. Some guidance (most notably recent runs of the ECMWF and
UKMET) really want to blossom this into a fairly well defined
tropical low, and NHC has recently added this area into their
outlook. There is significant uncertainty where this may impact
from Louisiana to the western FL Panhandle. The GFS and CMC remain
less enthusiastic, but still suggest the presence of at least a
trough or lingering front for some time and overall guidance QPF
is trending upward. Accordingly, WPC QPF has increased inland
across the central Gulf coast. Please refer to the latest tropical
weather outlooks from NHC for the latest information on this
feature.
Otherwise, there is continued good agreement for some sort of
amplified troughing across the East, as a weak shortwave slides
into the Pacific Northwest on Wednesday and rides overtop a strong
central U.S. ridge Thursday-Friday. Eventually, this energy should
drop back towards the Great Lakes serving to reinforce troughing
over the East by late period. Typical late period uncertainties
with timing and details begins to arise by days 6-7 both in the
Eastern U.S. trough, but also with a possible closed low towards
the Pacific Northwest coast in about a week.
Given notable model smaller scale differences at medium range time
scales that affect headline threat messaging, the WPC medium range
product suite was mainly derived from the 18 UTC GEFS mean, 12 UTC
ECMWF ensemble mean, 01 UTC National Blend of Models and WPC
continuity to smooth out these less predictable features and
interactions while reasonably trending continuity consistent with
gradually growing guidance signals. The latest 00 UTC guidance
suite generally maintains the line with prior respective runs, but
falls short of providing much threat clarity.
...Overview and Weather/Hazards Highlights...
A main upper high/ridge will settle westward into the Four Corners
this week to support above normal temperatures across much of the
West, but the most anomalous heat is forecast to spread downstream
across the north-central U.S. as ridging/heights build over the
region. In this pattern, modest monsoonal moisture flow across the
Southwest into the Great Basin/Rockies under the upper ridge may
offer daily chances for showers with some locally heavier
downpours with slowed cell motions. Meanwhile, a series of
uncertain impulses will round the top of the ridge to periodically
focus strong convection locally over the north-central
Plains/Upper Midwest, but rains may prove more progressive in
nature.
Upper trough positions will sandwich the upper ridge both off the
Pacific Northwest where rainfall chances are limited and also the
East where fronts will focus rain and thunderstorms. Moisture will
pool from the eastern Mid-Atlantic to the Southeast and Gulf Coast
states near a wavy stalled lead front. Possible
sub-tropical/Tropical interaction over the northern the Gulf of
Mexico may support heavy rain potential into the central Gulf
Coast and vicinity as slow-moving and repeat cells with very heavy
downpours lead to local runoff issues. A "slight" risk area was
issued on the experimental WPC medium range Excessive Rainfall
Outlook through mid-late week. Models offer potential for a
disturbance or tropical low, although there is significant
uncertainty in this as per NHC. Regardless, there is a growing
guidance signal that heavy rainfall likely impacts the central
Gulf coast as fueled by pooling deep moisture and instability near
the lingering boundary.
Schichtel
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml