Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
300 PM EDT Sun Aug 14 2022
Valid 12Z Wed Aug 17 2022 - 12Z Sun Aug 21 2022
...Excessive heat threat from interior California through the
Northwest/north-central Intermountain West this week...
...Monsoonal heavy rain threat continues for the Southwest and
south-central Great Basin/Rockies this week.
...New England coastal storm threat Wednesday/Thursday...
...Overview...
Upper ridge building over the West/Northwest will support an
excessive heat pattern over the region this week. Farther south,
the persistent ridge and less certain embedded impulses will also
continue to support widespread monsoonal moisture streaming into
an unsettled Southwest and south-central Great Basin/Rockies. The
downstream digging of shortwaves/height falls to the lee of the
ridge will periodically reinforce upper diffluent flow down over
the central U.S. to focus periods of heavy rain/thunderstorms most
likely down the lower Mississippi Valley near and south of a wavy
front. Across New England, there continues to be a threat of
coastal cyclogenesis Wednesday-Thursday where model uncertainty
remains high.
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
Model ensemble means remain quite agreeable with one another on
predicting the relatively amplified upper air pattern across the
mainland U.S. through next weekend. A slow-to-depart closed low
over the Northeast midweek continues to be a feature where models
indicate the greatest amount spread and run-to-run variability.
There continues to be the potential for the closed low to interact
with Atlantic moisture passing over the Gulf Stream to trigger
coastal cyclogenesis. Rainfall amounts are highly sensitive to
the intensity and track of the cyclone as well. Across the
mid-South, models are in relatively good agreement on the
placement of an area of enhanced rainfall ahead of a low pressure
wave and a stationary front. Some north-south model differences
were noted regarding the placement of the rainfall axis from the
Deep South to the East Coast late this week. For the monsoonal
rains over the West, models have generally been indicating a slow
decreasing trend on the QPF through the end of the week. Finally,
uncertainty in the amplitude of the next shortwave dipping into
the northern Plains continues to result in some model spread
regarding the associated timing and placement QPFs later this week.
The WPC medium-range forecasts were composed based on a consensus
of 40% from the 06Z GFS/GEFS, 40% from the 00Z EC/EC mean, and 20%
from the 00Z CMC/CMC mean, together with the 13Z NBM,
transitioning to mostly a consensus of the ensemble means by Day 7.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
As the upper ridge expands over the West/Northwest this week,
expect a heat wave with daytime/overnight temperature 10-20F above
normal. These temperatures are likely to produce some record
daytime and overnight values. Meanwhile, below normal highs are
expected in the east-central U.S. behind a main front. Given
rainfall and cloudiness over the Southwest and south-central Great
Basin/Rockies, maximum temperatures there should also tend to be
below normal.
Meanwhile, a large swath of the West have seen persistent
monsoonal moisture over the past couple of months, and this week
will continue that pattern as anomalously high moisture feeds into
the Southwest and south-central Great Basin/Rockies in conjunction
with small-scale shortwave energy to produce rain and
thunderstorms, particularly in the afternoon and evening hours. A
WPC experimental medium range Slight Risk of excessive rainfall is
in place for the south-central Rockies/High Plains through midweek
as additionally supported by digging shortwave energy/upper
diffluence and terrain lift. In this pattern, convective activity
will persist through later week/next weekend near and south of a
slowly progressive cold front across the Deep South to the
Southeast, with the highest threat of heavy rain down the lower
Mississippi Valley. The enhanced rainfall is forecast to slowly
work its way across the East Coast by next weekend with a coastal
wavy front.
Elsewhere, mid-later week convective clusters should be efficient
rainfall producers within the deeply moist precipitable water
values of the Lower Mississippi Valley/Gulf Coast states given
upstream history and thunderstorms will also spread and organize
across the Southeast with wavy and slow moving frontal boundaries
in a moist pooled airmass underneath the favorable right entrance
region of the upper jet. Meanwhile, a threat of a multi-day rain
and wind event is increasing for much of the coastal Northeast,
from New Jersey up to Maine Wednesday into Thursday with coastal
cyclogenesis ahead of a closed upper low. Periods of heavy
wrap-around rains are also a distinct possibility over eastern New
England. There is also a developing opportunity for organized
convection from the Dakotas/Upper Midwest to the Great Lakes with
the late week/weekend digging of shortwave energy and a slowly
progressive lead frontal passage.
Kong/Schichtel
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml