Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
442 PM EDT Tue Aug 23 2022
Valid 12Z Fri Aug 26 2022 - 12Z Tue Aug 30 2022
...Overview...
Expect troughing across eastern North America Friday to lift away
for the weekend, while a couple of shortwaves enhance mean
troughing in the central U.S. that shifts toward the Midwest/Great
Lakes by Monday-Tuesday of next week. Ridging is forecast to build
across the interior West behind that trough and ahead of
amplifying troughing in the eastern Pacific. The brief period of
more Pacific influence on mean flow aloft over the West into the
weekend should lead to a somewhat drier trend over the Four
Corners states while potentially adding some moisture to an
expanding area of Plains into Mississippi Valley/Great Lakes
rainfall ahead of the developing central U.S. mean trough and
leading surface system. Some areas of rainfall should persist over
the South and nearby areas during the period but with any heavy
totals tending to be fairly localized. Above normal temperatures
will tend to be confined to the Northwest (Friday and
Monday-Tuesday) and northeastern U.S. (Sunday-Tuesday) while near
or slightly below normal highs should prevail over the Rockies
into the Plains and Southeast.
...Guidance Evaluation/Predictability Assessment...
Model guidance remains stable with the larger scale trough exiting
out of the East as well as with the initial shortwave tracking
across the Northern Plains late this week. But models show more
variability with a second notable shortwave that feeds into the
developing mean trough and to some degree the larger scale
Pacific/western North America pattern early next week. While its
track and timing entering the Pacific Northwest likely Saturday
have shown better agreement in the past few model cycles, there
are considerable differences in timing after that, as well as with
its amplitude. 00/06Z GFS runs remained on the stronger side of
the spread with a compact closed low moving through the
northwestern U.S. around Sunday, while the CMC is also strong but
slower than consensus and the ECMWF (for the 00Z and incoming 12Z
run) is weaker and more progressive. The 12Z GFS is still stronger
than the ECMWF but weaker than its previous runs. Though some
differences are on the small scale initially, they have
implications for the larger scale pattern downstream into
Monday-Tuesday. Preferred the ensemble means rather than any
particular model at that point given ample differences, with the
GFS runs perhaps closest to the EC/GEFS ensemble means. The newer
12Z guidance appears at least to converge somewhat with the larger
scale flow by the end of the period with more agreeable ridge and
trough axes compared to the previous 00/06Z cycle that was
available for this medium range forecast.
Thus the WPC forecast began with a blend of mainly deterministic
00/06Z models, but a small ensemble component given the greater
than usual detail spread. Quickly increased the proportion of the
GEFS/EC ensemble means in the blend to over half by day 6-7 as the
deterministic differences became larger scale, which led to good
consistency with the previous forecast.
...Weather/Hazards Highlights...
The brief transition to more progressive flow aloft over the West
during the weekend should promote a lighter and more scattered
trend for monsoon rainfall over the Four Corners states after
Friday. Some of the western U.S. deep moisture that is pushed
eastward may contribute to the expanding area of rainfall forecast
to spread across the Plains and eventually into the Mississippi
Valley/Great Lakes. A leading warm front followed by a surface
trough and cold front, as well as northern tier upper dynamics,
will all provide varying degrees of focus for what could be
multiple areas of locally moderate to heavy rainfall within the
broad moisture shield. Current forecasts show one area of rainfall
focus around Kansas-Missouri where the front could move a little
more slowly than the more progressive north part of the front, but
it will take additional time to resolve where the most favored
areas for highest totals will be.
Showers/thunderstorms will likely continue over the South and
Florida Peninsula through the period but with any areas of
enhanced totals likely to be more localized and uncertain on a
day-to-day basis, including some model variability with whether
the bulk of rainfall will be offshore or onshore in any given
period. A weakening front reaching the Gulf/Southeast coasts may
still provide some focus late this week into the first part of the
weekend. A cold front dropping southward through the East from
Friday through the weekend may produce areas of rainfall with
varying intensity. Waviness along the front could enhance totals
over northern New England on Friday.
The primary areas of above normal temperatures during the period
will be over the Northwest as well as the Northeast and vicinity.
The Northwest will be modestly above normal Friday, followed by a
cooler weekend and then rebound to plus 5-10F or so anomalies next
Monday-Tuesday as the upper ridge develops and strengthens.
Meanwhile parts of the Northeast/northern Mid-Atlantic will see
moderately above normal readings on Friday. Then a larger area of
warm temperatures should spread across the Great Lakes through
Northeast/northern Mid-Atlantic Sunday-Tuesday. Highs could
locally reach 10-15F above normal early next week. Near to
somewhat below normal high temperatures (single-digit anomalies)
will prevail across much of the southern tier and north through
the Rockies and Plains.
Tate/Rausch
Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php
Hazards:
- Heavy rain across portions of the Central/Southern Plains, the
Middle Mississippi Valley, and the
Lower Mississippi Valley, Sun, Aug 28.
- Flooding occurring or imminent across portions of the Southern
Plains.
WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation, experimental excessive rainfall
outlook, winter weather outlook probabilities and heat indices are
at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml