Weather Prediction Center

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Short Range Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
328 AM EDT Fri Oct 03 2025

Valid 12Z Fri Oct 03 2025 - 12Z Sun Oct 05 2025

...Record high temperatures likely across the Northern Plains, Upper
Mississippi Valley, and Great Lakes...

...Heavy rains and flooding possible along the east coast of Florida...

The mid to upper level flow will remain highly amplified across the Lower
48 over the next several days, consisting of a deep upper trough moving
inland from the West Coast Friday into the Great Basin and Rockies by
Saturday, a building upper ridge from the Southern Plains into the Ohio
Valley and Northeast, and a weak upper low forming across the
north-central Gulf. This pattern will support a large spread in
temperatures from west to east late this week into the weekend. Cooler
than average temperatures are likely from the West Coast through the Great
Basin toward the Rockies as a strong surface cold front pushes inland with
the aforementioned deep upper trough. But east of the Rockies, the upper
ridge will promote above average to well above average temperatures for
most areas, except for the southern Mid-Atlantic into Florida. Record high
afternoon temperatures and record high morning low temperatures are likely
to stretch from the Northern Plains into the Upper Mississippi Valley and
Great Lakes over the next two days. Across these areas, high temperatures
Friday and Saturday are expected to be in the mid 80s to lower 90s,
ranging from 15 to 30 degrees above average. This late season heat wave
will produce moderate to major HeatRisk across parts of the Dakotas,
Minnesota, Iowa, western Wisconsin, and into northern Illinois. Relief
from this heat will begin late this weekend as a strong front pushes
eastward across the north-central U.S.

The wettest weather over the next few days will be along the east coast of
Florida into the coastal Southeast and along portions of the central Gulf
Coast. An area of surface high pressure is forecast to remain centered
across the Northeast over the next few days. The clockwise flow around
this high will keep persistent easterly to east-northeasterly low level
flow off the Atlantic and into Florida and vicinity. This pattern will
support numerous showers across these areas, with the heaviest rains
likely along the east coast of Florida into the weekend. Localized
flooding issues are possible, especially in the urban areas along the east
coast of Florida, and a Slight Risk (level 2/4) is in place in the Friday
and Saturday Excessive Rainfall Outlooks. Farther west, some rain could
occur over the central Gulf Coast, but amounts will be dependent on how
much sneaks onshore, with heavier amounts offshore.

The strong cold front slowly moving through the Intermountain West and
Rockies late this week will promote precipitation chances. Moderate to
heavy rain could cause isolated flooding concerns for those areas Friday,
along with isolated severe weather (high wind and hail threats). Expect
rain and a Marginal Risk of severe weather to push east into the
Northern/Central Plains by Saturday ahead of the cold front. Meanwhile in
the higher elevations, snow is likely. Winter Storm Watches are in place
across parts of the Northern Rockies/Absaroka Range/Bighorn Mountains for
possibly several inches of snowfall over the weekend.


Tate/Oravec


Graphics available at
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/basicwx/basicwx_ndfd.php

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
355 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025

Valid 12Z Sun Oct 05 2025 - 12Z Thu Oct 09 2025

***Heavy rain likely for portions of the coastal Southeast U.S.
through the weekend into early next week***

...General Overview...

A general upper ridge will be situated over the Intermountain West
along with a building upper ridge over the eastern half of the
nation. There will likely be a split flow pattern aloft, with the
southern stream showing increased potential for a closed upper low
to develop over California/Nevada by early next week. Meanwhile,
the northern stream will support an amplifying shortwave with an
attendant cold front, ushering in much colder temperatures across
the northern Rockies and northwestern Plains, and heavy snow for
the higher mountain ranges of Wyoming and Montana. Farther south,
tropical moisture interacting with a lingering stationary front
will likely produce periods of heavy rain and thunderstorms along
the east coast of Florida, and also portions of the central Gulf
Coast for the upcoming weekend.


...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...

The 12Z model guidance suite features good overall synoptic scale
agreement through the upcoming weekend and into Monday, with a
general deterministic model compromise used for fronts/pressures as
a starting point. Noteworthy model differences become apparent by
Tuesday morning off the Pacific Northwest coast with a storm system
originating from the Gulf of Alaska, and by Wednesday this results
in big differences across the northwestern quadrant of the nation.
The ECMWF and to a lesser extent the CMC bring in the upper trough
faster than the GFS and the GEFS mean. Therefore, the GFS group of
solutions has more of an upper ridge across the northern Rockies in
contrast to the CMC/ECMWF which are well to the east with that same
ridge axis. The latest AIFS guidance suggests a solution that is
closer to the GFS/GEFS and delays the arrival of the northwestern
trough, and has the ridge axis generally between the GFS and ECMWF
solutions. The ensemble means were increased to about 2/3rds by
next Thursday given the higher model spread and below average
forecast confidence by this time.


...Weather/Hazards Highlights...

Coastal portions of the central Gulf Coast and southeast Georgia
into Florida will remain in an active, wet pattern as tropical
moisture interacts with a stationary frontal boundary, and a
couple of weak low pressure centers may form on the front and
enhance the rainfall. A Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall was
maintained for both Day 4 and Day 5 along the eastern coast of
Florida, with urban locations most prone to flooding. The Day 4
Marginal remains for southeast Louisiana where heavy showers and
thunderstorms are expected along the coastline for Day 3 and
continuing into Day 4 for the southeast parishes. Locally, a two
day accumulation may exceed 3 to 4 inches of rain and with
additional rain expected, a Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall
will remain in place.

Multiple rounds of precipitation are forecast for the Western U.S.
as shortwaves within the upper trough and associated surface
fronts track eastward, especially for the Rockies and Intermountain
West. The higher elevations can expect moderate to locally heavy
snow
with the passage of the upper trough, especially for the higher
terrain of western Wyoming and southwestern Montana. Scattered to
widespread showers and thunderstorms tracking through the Plains
may have locally heavy amounts from Kansas/Nebraska northeast to
the Wisconsin/Illinois border. A Marginal Risk area remains valid
on Day 5 for the potential for locally excessive rainfall and
isolated instances of flash flooding.

In the temperature department, it will be rather warm by early
October standards across the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region
Sunday, and this anomalous warmth reaches the Ohio Valley and
Northeast states for the beginning of next week with both highs and
overnight lows running 10-20 degrees above average in many cases.
There may be a few daily records on Sunday across the Upper Midwest
ahead of the cold front. Readings will turn sharply colder behind
that same front for the northern Plains with highs returning to
slightly below average with breezy conditions. This boundary is
expected to reach the East Coast by this time next week with a
return to more seasonable conditions then.

Campbell/Hamrick


Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php

WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall
outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat
indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from:

https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw

Hawaii Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
253 AM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025

Valid 00Z Fri 03 Oct 2025 - 00Z Fri 10 Oct 2025

Trough north of the islands will nudge out high pressure further
to the northeast, allowing for winds to weaken and turn more
southeast and increasing diurnally driven convection by the
weekend. Moderate trades may return by early next week as a new
area of high pressure builds into the region.

Campbell

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
842 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025
Day 1
Valid 01Z Fri Oct 03 2025 - 12Z Fri Oct 03 2025

...THERE IS A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF
THE SIERRA, GREAT BASIN AND EASTERN FLORIDA...

01Z Update: The overall picture has changed little and the mesoscale
expectations over the two risk areas outlined largely remained on
track from the earlier outlook.

Across FL, localized but high rainfall rates are expected across
portions of the eastern Florida peninsula an southeast Florida
this evening and into the overnight hours. Hourly rainfall rates of
2 to 3 inches are expected which could result in localized flash
flooding with urbanized areas and regions of poor drainage being
the most vulnerable. With precipitable water values close to 2
inches across this portion of Florida...and easterly flow of 20 to
25 knots largely aligned perpendicular to the coastline which
maximizes convergence combined with subtle cyclonic rotations
evident on satellite imagery...the environment should be able to
support and sustain upwards of 3 inch per hour rates within any
slow moving axis of rainfall. Refer to Mesoscale Convective
Discussion 1155 for additional details.

Across portions of the Sierra and adjacent areas...training and
repeating of showers and thunderstorms this evening may result in
localized flash flooding due to hourly rainfall rates of 0.5 to
1.0 inches that could result in rainfall totals of 1 to 2 inches.
Even though instability is modest...the environment is
characterized by precipitable water values of 1.0 to 1.4 inches (on
the order of +2 to +4 standardized anomalies above climatology for
early October) which at least suggests locally intense but brief
downpours could be supported. Higher rainfall intensities falling
on sensitive burn scars or urban areas would be most at risk for
localized flash flooding into the late evening.

Bann


Day 1 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/94epoints.txt

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
343 AM EDT Fri Oct 3 2025
Day 1
Valid 12Z Fri Oct 03 2025 - 12Z Sat Oct 04 2025

...THERE'S A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF
FLORIDA'S EAST COAST...

...Florida's East Coast...

A closed mid-level disturbance will drift westward across the
Florida Peninsula and into the Gulf of Mexico today. This system
will bring tropical moisture from Imelda and Humberto with it. An
inverted trough oriented along the Florida coast will interact with
the moisture advecting into the region and force scattered
thunderstorm activity throughout the day. Modest instability
between 500-1000 J/Kg MUCAPE could produce quarter to half inch
rates over the slight risk area. Parts of central and southern
Florida that have received between 2-4 (isolated 5) inches of rain
in the past 24 hours will be especially susceptible to runoff from
today's storms. Neighborhood exceedance probabilities of 5 inches
are between 20-40% across Florida's east coast today.

...Great Basin...

Additional rainfall is forecast to occur beneath the upper low,
which will continue propagating through the interior West today.
Recent heavy rainfall over portions of the Great Basin will likely
prime surfaces for runoff from additional precipitation. Burn
scars in central and southern Idaho continue to be of concern from
today's storms, the bulk of which should occur this morning into
afternoon before the upper low moves directly over the Great Basin
and instability weakens. HREF EAS exceedance probabilities of over
1 inch are between 15-35% over northern/central Nevada where PWATs
will be between 2-3 standard deviations above normal.


Kebede

Day 1 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/94epoints.txt

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
343 AM EDT Fri Oct 3 2025
Day 2
Valid 12Z Sat Oct 04 2025 - 12Z Sun Oct 05 2025

...THERE'S A SLIGHT RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF
FLORIDA'S EAST COAST...

...Florida's East Coast...

Thunderstorms are expected to continue to develop along the
inverted trough axis oriented north-south along Florida's east
coast on Saturday. Moisture will lift north along with the mid-
level disturbance. The inherited slight and marginal risk areas
were maintained due to a mostly consistent signal for excessive
rainfall over the east central coast. Ensemble exceedance
probabilities of 2 inches are between 5-10% across the marginal
risk area. 48 hour totals between 3-5 inches (local 6") will likely
make overcoming flash flood guidance a bit easier.

...Central Gulf Coast...

The same moisture regime impacting the Florida peninsula will focus
over the central Gulf Coast this weekend. Mid-level vorticity will
lift into the area on Saturday, providing forcing for convection
along the immediate Louisiana/Mississippi coast. Anywhere between
4-6 inches of rain may occur over far southeastern Louisiana
through Saturday night. Despite 2" ensemble exceedance
probabilities being relatively low (5-10%), the multi day nature
of the rainfall could still produce isolated instances of flash
flooding.


Kebede

Day 2 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/98epoints.txt

Excessive Rainfall Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
343 AM EDT Fri Oct 3 2025
Day 3
Valid 12Z Sun Oct 05 2025 - 12Z Mon Oct 06 2025

...THERE'S A MARGINAL RISK OF EXCESSIVE RAINFALL FOR PORTIONS OF
THE CENTRAL GULF COAST AND THE SOUTHEAST COAST...

...Central Gulf Coast...

The mid-level disturbance continues propagating westward toward the
positively tilted upper trough centered over the West on Sunday.
Thus, the heavy rainfall threat will likely bleed over from
Saturday evening into Sunday morning for portions of the Central
Gulf Coast, before dissipating beneath diminished support aloft.
PWATs of 2-2.5" and instability between 500-1000 J/Kg MUCAPE could
churn out rain rates between 1-1.5"/hr Saturday morning into
afternoon. Ensemble exceedance probabilities of 2 inches are
between 5-15% along the far southeastern Louisiana to Florida
panhandle corridor, which supports the marginal risk area in
place.

...Southeast Coast...

Inverted troughing continues along the Florida/Southeast Coast
through the latter part of this weekend. Anomalous moisture (2-3
stndv) will continue interacting with the surface boundary to
generate scattered to isolated thunderstorms across the
Florida/Georgia coast. Rainfall totals of 1-3" are likely along
the Florida/Georgia/South Carolina coast on Saturday. The latest
guidance has trended away from tropical moisture making its way
inland, therefore a marginal risk was maintained for much of the
Southeast Coast.


Kebede

Day 3 threat area: www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/99epoints.txt

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
355 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025


Coastal portions of the central Gulf Coast and southeast Georgia
into Florida will remain in an active, wet pattern as tropical
moisture interacts with a stationary frontal boundary, and a
couple of weak low pressure centers may form on the front and
enhance the rainfall. A Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall was
maintained for both Day 4 and Day 5 along the eastern coast of
Florida, with urban locations most prone to flooding. The Day 4
Marginal remains for southeast Louisiana where heavy showers and
thunderstorms are expected along the coastline for Day 3 and
continuing into Day 4 for the southeast parishes. Locally, a two
day accumulation may exceed 3 to 4 inches of rain and with
additional rain expected, a Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall
will remain in place.

Multiple rounds of precipitation are forecast for the Western U.S.
as shortwaves within the upper trough and associated surface
fronts track eastward, especially for the Rockies and Intermountain
West. The higher elevations can expect moderate to locally heavy
snow
with the passage of the upper trough, especially for the higher
terrain of western Wyoming and southwestern Montana. Scattered to
widespread showers and thunderstorms tracking through the Plains
may have locally heavy amounts from Kansas/Nebraska northeast to
the Wisconsin/Illinois border. A Marginal Risk area remains valid
on Day 5 for the potential for locally excessive rainfall and
isolated instances of flash flooding.

In the temperature department, it will be rather warm by early
October standards across the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region
Sunday, and this anomalous warmth reaches the Ohio Valley and
Northeast states for the beginning of next week with both highs and
overnight lows running 10-20 degrees above average in many cases.
There may be a few daily records on Sunday across the Upper Midwest
ahead of the cold front. Readings will turn sharply colder behind
that same front for the northern Plains with highs returning to
slightly below average with breezy conditions. This boundary is
expected to reach the East Coast by this time next week with a
return to more seasonable conditions then.

Campbell/Hamrick

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
355 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025


Coastal portions of the central Gulf Coast and southeast Georgia
into Florida will remain in an active, wet pattern as tropical
moisture interacts with a stationary frontal boundary, and a
couple of weak low pressure centers may form on the front and
enhance the rainfall. A Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall was
maintained for both Day 4 and Day 5 along the eastern coast of
Florida, with urban locations most prone to flooding. The Day 4
Marginal remains for southeast Louisiana where heavy showers and
thunderstorms are expected along the coastline for Day 3 and
continuing into Day 4 for the southeast parishes. Locally, a two
day accumulation may exceed 3 to 4 inches of rain and with
additional rain expected, a Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall
will remain in place.

Multiple rounds of precipitation are forecast for the Western U.S.
as shortwaves within the upper trough and associated surface
fronts track eastward, especially for the Rockies and Intermountain
West. The higher elevations can expect moderate to locally heavy
snow
with the passage of the upper trough, especially for the higher
terrain of western Wyoming and southwestern Montana. Scattered to
widespread showers and thunderstorms tracking through the Plains
may have locally heavy amounts from Kansas/Nebraska northeast to
the Wisconsin/Illinois border. A Marginal Risk area remains valid
on Day 5 for the potential for locally excessive rainfall and
isolated instances of flash flooding.

In the temperature department, it will be rather warm by early
October standards across the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region
Sunday, and this anomalous warmth reaches the Ohio Valley and
Northeast states for the beginning of next week with both highs and
overnight lows running 10-20 degrees above average in many cases.
There may be a few daily records on Sunday across the Upper Midwest
ahead of the cold front. Readings will turn sharply colder behind
that same front for the northern Plains with highs returning to
slightly below average with breezy conditions. This boundary is
expected to reach the East Coast by this time next week with a
return to more seasonable conditions then.

Campbell/Hamrick

Probabilistic Heavy Snow and Icing Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
227 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025

Valid 00Z Fri Oct 03 2025 - 00Z Mon Oct 06 2025

...Northern Rockies...
Day 3...

Dual shortwaves embedded within amplifying troughing across the
western CONUS will result in the first significant snowfall across
the higher terrain of the Northern Rockies beginning Saturday
night.

A closed low exiting the Great Basin will begin to fill as it
pivots northeast and shear out in the westerlies, reaching the
Northern Plains by 12Z Sunday. Immediately in its wake, a secondary
impulse, albeit of weaker intensity, will drop into the Northern
Rockies, driving additional height falls into portions of MT and
WY. This secondary impulse will be accompanied by a cold front
digging southward at the surface, leading to cooling temperatures
and additional ascent through forced upslope. Although the greatest
moisture (PWs above the 90th percentile according to NAEFS) will
shift steadily northeast away from the region, as a surface low
strengthens over the Northern Plains, at least some theta-e ridging
will pivot westward back into WY at the same time mid-level SW flow
re-ignites over the region downstream of the secondary impulse.
This will provide sufficient moisture to regenerate precipitation,
with much of this turning to snow from the Northern Rockies to the
Absarokas, and into the ranges of NW WY including the Tetons, Big
Horns, and around Yellowstone NP. As snow levels fall to as low as
7000 ft late in the period, WPC probabilities for more than 6
inches of snow climb to above 70% across this region, with locally
as much as 12 inches possible (10-30%) in the highest terrain of
the Big Horns and Absarokas.

The probability of significant icing is less than 10 percent.

Weiss

Extended Forecast Discussion
NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD
355 PM EDT Thu Oct 2 2025

Valid 12Z Sun Oct 05 2025 - 12Z Thu Oct 09 2025

***Heavy rain likely for portions of the coastal Southeast U.S.
through the weekend into early next week***

...General Overview...

A general upper ridge will be situated over the Intermountain West
along with a building upper ridge over the eastern half of the
nation. There will likely be a split flow pattern aloft, with the
southern stream showing increased potential for a closed upper low
to develop over California/Nevada by early next week. Meanwhile,
the northern stream will support an amplifying shortwave with an
attendant cold front, ushering in much colder temperatures across
the northern Rockies and northwestern Plains, and heavy snow for
the higher mountain ranges of Wyoming and Montana. Farther south,
tropical moisture interacting with a lingering stationary front
will likely produce periods of heavy rain and thunderstorms along
the east coast of Florida, and also portions of the central Gulf
Coast for the upcoming weekend.


...Guidance/Predictability Assessment...

The 12Z model guidance suite features good overall synoptic scale
agreement through the upcoming weekend and into Monday, with a
general deterministic model compromise used for fronts/pressures as
a starting point. Noteworthy model differences become apparent by
Tuesday morning off the Pacific Northwest coast with a storm system
originating from the Gulf of Alaska, and by Wednesday this results
in big differences across the northwestern quadrant of the nation.
The ECMWF and to a lesser extent the CMC bring in the upper trough
faster than the GFS and the GEFS mean. Therefore, the GFS group of
solutions has more of an upper ridge across the northern Rockies in
contrast to the CMC/ECMWF which are well to the east with that same
ridge axis. The latest AIFS guidance suggests a solution that is
closer to the GFS/GEFS and delays the arrival of the northwestern
trough, and has the ridge axis generally between the GFS and ECMWF
solutions. The ensemble means were increased to about 2/3rds by
next Thursday given the higher model spread and below average
forecast confidence by this time.


...Weather/Hazards Highlights...

Coastal portions of the central Gulf Coast and southeast Georgia
into Florida will remain in an active, wet pattern as tropical
moisture interacts with a stationary frontal boundary, and a
couple of weak low pressure centers may form on the front and
enhance the rainfall. A Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall was
maintained for both Day 4 and Day 5 along the eastern coast of
Florida, with urban locations most prone to flooding. The Day 4
Marginal remains for southeast Louisiana where heavy showers and
thunderstorms are expected along the coastline for Day 3 and
continuing into Day 4 for the southeast parishes. Locally, a two
day accumulation may exceed 3 to 4 inches of rain and with
additional rain expected, a Marginal Risk of excessive rainfall
will remain in place.

Multiple rounds of precipitation are forecast for the Western U.S.
as shortwaves within the upper trough and associated surface
fronts track eastward, especially for the Rockies and Intermountain
West. The higher elevations can expect moderate to locally heavy
snow
with the passage of the upper trough, especially for the higher
terrain of western Wyoming and southwestern Montana. Scattered to
widespread showers and thunderstorms tracking through the Plains
may have locally heavy amounts from Kansas/Nebraska northeast to
the Wisconsin/Illinois border. A Marginal Risk area remains valid
on Day 5 for the potential for locally excessive rainfall and
isolated instances of flash flooding.

In the temperature department, it will be rather warm by early
October standards across the Upper Midwest and Great Lakes region
Sunday, and this anomalous warmth reaches the Ohio Valley and
Northeast states for the beginning of next week with both highs and
overnight lows running 10-20 degrees above average in many cases.
There may be a few daily records on Sunday across the Upper Midwest
ahead of the cold front. Readings will turn sharply colder behind
that same front for the northern Plains with highs returning to
slightly below average with breezy conditions. This boundary is
expected to reach the East Coast by this time next week with a
return to more seasonable conditions then.

Campbell/Hamrick


Additional 3-7 Day Hazard information can be found on the WPC
medium range hazards outlook chart at:
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/threats/threats.php

WPC medium range 500mb heights, surface systems, weather grids,
quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF), excessive rainfall
outlook (ERO), winter weather outlook (WWO) probabilities, heat
indices, and Key Messages can be accessed from:

https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst500_wbg.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/medr/5dayfcst_wbg_conus.gif
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/5km_grids/5km_gridsbody.html
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/qpf/day4-7.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ero
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/wwd/pwpf_d47/pwpf_medr.php?day=4
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/heat_index.shtml
https://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/#page=ovw